{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T14:03:24Z","timestamp":1782137004324,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.15.6.24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:30:43Z","timestamp":1782135043000},"page":"24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accelerometer-Derived Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and the Risk of Four Common Vision-Threatening Ocular Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aixia","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinran","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Furong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanting","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longjian","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daoli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e130","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30425-3","article-title":"Trends in prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment over 30 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"9","author":"GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30393-5","article-title":"Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990\u20132020: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Flaxman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106862","article-title":"Accelerometer-derived physical activity and the risk of death, heart failure, and stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a prospective study from UK Biobank","volume":"58","author":"Ahn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.10875","article-title":"Accelerometer-derived \u201cweekend warrior\u201d physical activity and incident cardiovascular disease","volume":"330","author":"Khurshid","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000913","article-title":"Replacing sedentary time with physical activity in relation to mortality","volume":"48","author":"Schmid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"bib6","first-page":"e563","article-title":"2019 ACC\/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Executive Summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"140","author":"Arnett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2020.104128","article-title":"Differential effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on choriocapillaris perfusion in healthy adults and patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)","volume":"135","author":"Alten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21008","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160921008","article-title":"Treadmill exercise attenuates retinal oxidative stress in naturally-aged mice: an immunohistochemical study","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2015.06.011","article-title":"Potential role of exercise in retinal health","volume":"134","author":"Pardue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-1797","article-title":"Prospective epidemiological cohort study of reduced risk for incident cataract with vigorous physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness during a 7-year follow-up","volume":"50","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.08.023","article-title":"Long-term physical activity and risk of age-related cataract: a population-based prospective study of male and female cohorts","volume":"122","author":"Zheng Selin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.2400","article-title":"Association of accelerometer-assessed sedentary behavior with diabetic retinopathy in the United States","volume":"134","author":"Loprinzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2023.104556","article-title":"The effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type II diabetes mellitus patients: a clinical trial","volume":"149","author":"Soleimani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.103796","article-title":"Physical activity and the 15-year cumulative incidence of age-related macular degeneration: the Beaver Dam Eye Study","volume":"90","author":"Knudtson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307663","article-title":"Past physical activity and age-related macular degeneration: the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study","volume":"100","author":"McGuinness","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001692","article-title":"Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and incident glaucoma","volume":"50","author":"Meier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2858_20","article-title":"Aerobic exercise reduces intraocular pressure and expands Schlemm's canal dimensions in healthy and primary open-angle glaucoma eyes","volume":"69","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13962","article-title":"Physical activity and eye diseases. The Beijing Eye Study","volume":"97","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7799","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15575","article-title":"Physical activity and the 15-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration","volume":"55","author":"Gopinath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.06.009","article-title":"The association of physical activity with glaucoma and related traits in the UK Biobank","volume":"130","author":"Madjedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-04312-7","article-title":"Sleep, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and risk of cataract: a cross-sectional and prospective study from UK Biobank","volume":"23","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-312407","article-title":"Associations between physical activity and cataract treated surgically in patients with diabetes: findings from the 45 and Up Study","volume":"103","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2020.1730911","article-title":"The association between physical activity and cataracts among 17,777 people aged 15\u201369 years residing in Spain","volume":"27","author":"L\u00f3pez-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5164","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49542-0","article-title":"Accelerometer-derived physical activity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes","volume":"15","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169649","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169649","article-title":"Large scale population assessment of physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers: the UK Biobank Study","volume":"12","author":"Doherty","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104050","article-title":"Reallocation of time between device-measured movement behaviours and risk of incident cardiovascular disease","volume":"56","author":"Walmsley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.11.15","article-title":"Associations among sleep duration, sleep quality, and age-related ocular diseases: insights from longitudinal and mediation analyses","volume":"66","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9060223","article-title":"Chronic inflammation as an immunological abnormality and effectiveness of exercise","volume":"9","author":"Suzuki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.01.004","article-title":"Physical exercise in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"9","author":"De la Rosa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.162","article-title":"Exercise-stimulated glucose uptake - regulation and implications for glycaemic control","volume":"13","author":"Sylow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10121699","article-title":"The regulation of fat metabolism during aerobic exercise","volume":"10","author":"Muscella","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz053","article-title":"The triglyceride-glucose index as a measure of insulin resistance and risk of obesity-related cancers","volume":"49","author":"Fritz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001378","article-title":"CMAverse: a suite of functions for reproducible causal mediation analyses","volume":"32","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0996-z","article-title":"Oxidative stress and inflammation, key targets of atherosclerotic plaque progression and vulnerability: potential impact of physical activity","volume":"48","author":"Mury","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.008","article-title":"Oxidative stress and metabolism meet epigenetic modulation in physical exercise","volume":"213","author":"Garc\u00eda-Gim\u00e9nez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14091055","article-title":"Oxidative stress and cataract formation: evaluating the efficacy of antioxidant therapies","volume":"14","author":"Kulbay","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11102607","article-title":"Inflammation-involved proteins in blood serum of cataract patients - a preliminary study","volume":"11","author":"Sutkowy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2022.101112","article-title":"The lens epithelium as a major determinant in the development, maintenance, and regeneration of the crystalline lens","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-019-01319-4","article-title":"Physical activity and risk of diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2252239","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.52239","article-title":"Adherence to a healthy lifestyle in association with microvascular complications among adults with type 2 diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.402","article-title":"Accelerometer-assessed physical activity and diabetic retinopathy in the United States","volume":"132","author":"Loprinzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2012.00170","article-title":"Inflammation in the pathogenesis of microvascular complications in diabetes","volume":"3","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.2165\/00129784-200303050-00004","article-title":"The role of lipids in the development of diabetic microvascular complications: implications for therapy","volume":"3","author":"Misra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1505","article-title":"Effects of diet and physical activity interventions on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors in severely obese adults: a randomized trial","volume":"304","author":"Goodpaster","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.2165\/11317750-000000000-00000","article-title":"The effect of physical exercise on endothelial function","volume":"39","author":"Di Francescomarino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.06.009","article-title":"The association of physical activity with glaucoma and related traits in the UK Biobank","volume":"130","author":"Madjedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002576","article-title":"Impact of physical activity levels on visual field progression in individuals with glaucoma","volume":"34","author":"Seo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.012","article-title":"Greater physical activity is associated with slower visual field loss in glaucoma","volume":"126","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14416","article-title":"Absolute intensity thresholds for tri-axial wrist and waist accelerometer-measured movement behaviors in adults","volume":"33","author":"Mielke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"}],"container-title":["Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/tvst.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?doi=10.1167\/tvst.15.6.24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:30:44Z","timestamp":1782135044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/tvst.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?doi=10.1167\/tvst.15.6.24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/tvst.15.6.24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2164-2591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2164-2591","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]}}}