{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:04:30Z","timestamp":1792173870796,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"16","funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["HL134369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL134369"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["AI120526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI120526"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007270","name":"University of Michigan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Project ID: 918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project ID: 918"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) shares biologic features with rhinovirus (RV). In 2014, a nationwide outbreak of EV-D68 was associated with severe asthma-like symptoms. We sought to develop a mouse model of EV-D68 infection and determine the mechanisms underlying airway disease. BALB\/c mice were inoculated intranasally with EV-D68 (2014 isolate), RV-A1B, or sham, alone or in combination with anti\u2013IL-17A or house dust mite (HDM) treatment. Like RV-A1B, lung EV-D68 viral RNA peaked 12 hours after infection. EV-D68 induced airway inflammation, expression of cytokines (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-12b, IL-17A, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL10, and CCL2), and airway hyperresponsiveness, which were suppressed by anti\u2013IL-17A antibody. Neutrophilic inflammation and airway responsiveness were significantly higher after EV-D68 compared with RV-A1B infection. Flow cytometry showed increased lineage\n                    <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    , NKp46\n                    <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    , ROR\u03b3t\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IL-17\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ILC3s and \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in the lungs of EV-D68\u2013treated mice compared with those in RV-treated mice. EV-D68 infection of HDM-exposed mice induced additive or synergistic increases in BAL neutrophils and eosinophils and expression of IL-17, CCL11, IL-5, and Muc5AC. Finally, patients from the 2014 epidemic period with EV-D68 showed significantly higher nasopharyngeal IL-17 mRNA levels compared with patients with RV-A infection. EV-D68 infection induces IL-17\u2013dependent airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, which is greater than that generated by RV-A1B, consistent with the clinical picture of severe asthma-like symptoms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.121882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,22]],"date-time":"2018-08-22T11:01:09Z","timestamp":1534935669000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Enterovirus D68 infection induces IL-17\u2013dependent neutrophilic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Charu","family":"Rajput","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyuan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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