{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:33:45Z","timestamp":1792787625127,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["310030_166490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_166490"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013348","name":"Innosuisse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["29462.1 IP-LS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29462.1 IP-LS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Skintegrity","award":["2\/71018\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2\/71018\/16"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Current clinical methods for the evaluation of lymphatic vessel function, crucial for early diagnosis and evaluation of treatment response of several pathological conditions, in particular of postsurgical lymphedema, are based on complex and mainly qualitative imaging techniques. To address this unmet medical need, we established a simple strategy for the painless and quantitative assessment of cutaneous lymphatic function. We prepared a lymphatic-specific tracer formulation, consisting of the clinically approved near-infrared fluorescent dye, indocyanine green, and the solubilizing surfactant Kolliphor HS15. The tracer was noninvasively delivered to the dermal layer of the skin using MicronJet600 hollow microneedles, and the fluorescence signal decay at the injection site was measured over time using a custom-made, portable detection device. The decay rate of fluorescence signal in the skin was used as a direct measure of lymphatic vessel drainage function. With this method, we could quantify impaired lymphatic clearance in transgenic mice lacking dermal lymphatics and distinguish distinct lymphatic clearance patterns in pigs in different body locations and under manual stimulus. Overall, this method has the potential for becoming a noninvasive and quantitative clinical \u201coffice test\u201d for lymphatic function assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.126515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T12:01:48Z","timestamp":1548158508000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Minimally invasive method for the point-of-care quantification of lymphatic vessel function"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Polomska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2154-8502","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steven T.","family":"Proulx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Brambilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montreal, Faculty of Pharmacy, Montr\u00e9al, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Fehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Winterthur, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0227-9247","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mathias","family":"Bonmarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Winterthur, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Br\u00e4ndli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirko","family":"Meboldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6102-3367","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christian","family":"Steuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsvetina","family":"Vasileva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Reinke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Winterthur, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5601-1292","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jean-Christophe","family":"Leroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5351-5054","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael","family":"Detmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Z\u00fcrich), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"232","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2008.1008"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2545"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12609-017-0237-8"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979504600408"},{"issue":"3 Suppl 1","key":"B5","first-page":"32","article-title":"Evaluation of lymphatic function: abnormal lymph drainage in venous disease","volume":"14","author":"Mortimer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.051251"},{"issue":"9","key":"B7","first-page":"1983","article-title":"Blockade of VEGF receptor-3 aggravates inflammatory bowel disease and lymphatic vessel enlargement","volume":"19","author":"Jurisic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24764"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100559"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2016.0011"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2007.5306"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12514347"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.130401","article-title":"Human lymphatic pumping measured in healthy and lymphoedematous arms by lymphatic congestion lymphoscintigraphy","volume":"583","author":"Modi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365510903572040"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2003.08.007"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00842.2011"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-015-9479-0"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.10.005"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40242-016-6008-7"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201503093"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2010.0005"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-0271"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.17.6.066019"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2008.04.013"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.02.032"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181a8d81f"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21805"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2010-148288"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b05129"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-2862(80)90006-0"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-013-0184-5"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.04.005"},{"issue":"49","key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201803186","article-title":"Advances in the design of transdermal microneedles for diagnostic and monitoring applications","volume":"14","author":"Babity","year":"2018","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1501559"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mvre.1998.2068"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi500021j"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp8001649"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13617"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2015.11.004"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2014.889776"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.10470"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8PP00064F"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(64)90193-7"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1998.tb01945.x","article-title":"Hepatic elimination of indocyanine green with special reference to distribution kinetics and the influence of plasma protein binding","volume":"83 Suppl 2","author":"Ott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm.14.118"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2834296"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22729"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-011-9677-z"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/84651"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.02.032"},{"issue":"1","key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.90861","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of lymphatic function in mice by noninvasive near-infrared imaging of a peripheral vein","volume":"2","author":"Proulx","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/153968503321642615"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985811402846"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1159\/000401274","article-title":"The skin of domestic mammals as a model for the human skin, with special reference to the domestic pig","volume":"7","author":"Meyer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Curr Probl Dermatol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001460"},{"issue":"1","key":"B56","first-page":"55","article-title":"Morphology of the skin in large white Yorkshire pigs","volume":"44","author":"Sumena","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Anim Res"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1010871"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.03.034"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2005.3.3"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2927","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.206672","article-title":"Lymphatic anatomy and biomechanics","volume":"589","author":"Negrini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(99)00125-6"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1970.tb06100.x"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-011-5032-1"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8712-2_13"}],"container-title":["JCI Insight"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/insight.jci.org\/articles\/view\/126515\/files\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T12:34:11Z","timestamp":1779194051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/insight.jci.org\/articles\/view\/126515"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1172\/jci.insight.126515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.126515","relation":{},"ISSN":["2379-3708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2379-3708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"article-number":"e126515"}}