{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T13:09:00Z","timestamp":1779196140126,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"17","funder":[{"name":"German Research Council","award":["SFB974,LA2558\/5-1,RTG1949"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB974,LA2558\/5-1,RTG1949"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Project 01GQ1422A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project 01GQ1422A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    `NK cell\u2013mediated regulation of antigen-specific T cells can contribute to and exacerbate chronic viral infection, but the protective mechanisms against NK cell\u2013mediated attack on T cell immunity are poorly understood. Here, we show that progranulin (PGRN) can reduce NK cell cytotoxicity through reduction of NK cell expansion, granzyme B transcription, and NK cell\u2013mediated lysis of target cells. Following infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), PGRN levels increased \u2014 a phenomenon dependent on the presence of macrophages and type I IFN signaling. Absence of PGRN in mice (\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Grn\n                      <jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    ) resulted in enhanced NK cell activity, increased NK cell\u2013mediated killing of antiviral T cells, reduced antiviral T cell immunity, and increased viral burden, culminating in increased liver immunopathology. Depletion of NK cells restored antiviral immunity and alleviated pathology during infection in\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Grn\n                      <jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    mice. In turn, PGRN treatment improved antiviral T cell immunity. Taken together, we identified PGRN as a critical factor capable of reducing NK cell\u2013mediated attack of antiviral T cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.129856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]],"date-time":"2019-09-04T11:01:02Z","timestamp":1567594862000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Progranulin prevents regulatory NK cell cytotoxicity against antiviral T cells"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Anfei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine II and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prashant V.","family":"Shinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine II 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