{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T07:47:34Z","timestamp":1792223254224,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"11","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JCJC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCJC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019899","name":"AVIESAN","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ATIP-AVENIR program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ATIP-AVENIR program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019899","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005897","name":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Dermatologie","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Recherche"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Recherche"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Loss of melanocytes is the pathological hallmark of vitiligo, a chronic inflammatory skin depigmenting disorder induced by exaggerated immune response, including autoreactive CD8 T cells producing high levels of type 1 cytokines. However, the interplay between this inflammatory response and melanocyte disappearance remains to be fully characterized. Here, we demonstrate that vitiligo skin contains a significant proportion of suprabasal melanocytes, associated with disruption of E-cadherin expression, a major protein involved in melanocyte adhesion. This phenomenon is also observed in lesional psoriatic skin. Importantly, apoptotic melanocytes were mainly observed once cells were detached from the basal layer of the epidermis, suggesting that additional mechanism(s) could be involved in melanocyte loss. The type 1 cytokines IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 induce melanocyte detachment through E-cadherin disruption and the release of its soluble form, partly due to MMP-9. The levels of MMP-9 are increased in the skin and sera of patients with vitiligo, and MMP-9 is produced by keratinocytes in response to IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1. Inhibition of MMP-9 or the JAK\/STAT signaling pathway prevents melanocyte detachment in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, stabilization of melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis by preventing E-cadherin disruption appears promising for the prevention of depigmentation occurring in vitiligo and during chronic skin inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.133772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T12:55:36Z","timestamp":1588683336000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Type-1 cytokines regulate MMP-9 production and E-cadherin disruption to promote melanocyte loss in vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Nesrine","family":"Boukhedouni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of genetic diseases, inflammatory disorders and cancers (BMGIC), Immunodermatology ATIP-AVENIR, University of Bordeaux, FHU ACRONIM, Bordeaux, 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