{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T02:16:59Z","timestamp":1791771419405,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["OPP1108501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1108501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["APP1117527"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1117527"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Although published studies have demonstrated that IFN-\u03b5 has a crucial role in regulating protective immunity in the mouse female reproductive tract, expression and regulation of IFN-\u03b5 in the human female reproductive tract (hFRT) have not been characterized to our knowledge. We obtained hFRT samples from a well-characterized cohort of women to enable us to comprehensively assess ex vivo IFN-\u03b5 expression in the hFRT at various stages of the menstrual cycle. We found that among the various types of IFNs, IFN-\u03b5 was uniquely, selectively, and constitutively expressed in the hFRT epithelium. It had distinct expression patterns in the surface and glandular epithelia of the upper hFRT compared with basal layers of the stratified squamous epithelia of the lower hFRT. There was cyclical variation of IFN-\u03b5 expression in the endometrial epithelium of the upper hFRT and not in the distal FRT, consistent with selective endometrial expression of the progesterone receptor and regulation of the\n                    <jats:italic>IFNE<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter by progesterone. Because we showed IFN-\u03b5 stimulated important protective IFN-regulated genes in FRT epithelium, this characterization is a key element in understanding the mechanisms of hormonal control of mucosal immunity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.135407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T12:01:44Z","timestamp":1658404904000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Spatiotemporal regulation of human IFN-\u03b5 and innate immunity in the female reproductive tract"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nollaig M.","family":"Bourke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7478-8262","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Achilles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA."},{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1581-160X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephanie U-Shane","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen E.","family":"Cumming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"San S.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9927-5500","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Irene","family":"Papageorgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, 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Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suruchi","family":"Thakore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3844-0709","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Niamh E.","family":"Mangan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3981-5317","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sam","family":"Mesiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 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