{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:57:46Z","timestamp":1790787466445,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["DST\/INSPIRE\/04\/2014\/002012,DST\/INSPIRE\/04\/2014\/002069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DST\/INSPIRE\/04\/2014\/002012,DST\/INSPIRE\/04\/2014\/002069"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Prime-boost immunization strategies are required to control the global tuberculosis (TB) pandemic, which claims approximately 3 lives every minute. Here, we have generated an immunogenic complex against\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), consisting of promiscuous T cell epitopes (\n                    <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    peptides) and TLR ligands assembled in liposomes. Interestingly, this complex (peptide\u2013TLR agonist\u2013liposomes; PTL) induced significant activation of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells and IFN-\u03b3 production in the PBMCs derived from PPD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    healthy individuals as compared with PPD\n                    <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    controls. Furthermore, intranasal delivery of PTL significantly reduced the bacterial burden in the infected mice by inducing\n                    <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    -specific polyfunctional (IFN-\u03b3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IL-17\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    TNF-\u03b1\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IL-2\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) immune responses and long-lasting central memory responses, thereby reducing the risk of TB recurrence in DOTS-treated infected animals. The transcriptome analysis of peptide-stimulated immune cells unveiled the molecular basis of enhanced protection. Furthermore, PTL immunization significantly boosted the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin\u2013primed (BCG-primed) immune responses against TB. The greatly enhanced efficacy of the BCG-PTL vaccine model in controlling pulmonary TB projects PTL as an adjunct vaccine against TB.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.145228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T12:02:22Z","timestamp":1610625742000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Intranasal immunization with peptide-based immunogenic complex enhances BCG vaccine efficacy in a murine model of tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8658-8914","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Santosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashima","family":"Bhaskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Signal Transduction Laboratory-1, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gautam","family":"Patnaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6446-8951","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chetan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhiraj Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep Rai","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 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