{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:48:51Z","timestamp":1791935331673,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Project","award":["2019YFC1315700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC1315700"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Project","award":["2017YFC1308702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1308702"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2017-I2M-1-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-I2M-1-005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81472013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81472013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early diagnosis and treatment are key to the long-term survival of lung cancer patients. Although CT has significantly contributed to the early diagnosis of lung cancer, there are still consequences of excessive or delayed treatment. By improving the sensitivity and specificity of circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection, a solution was proposed for differentiating benign from malignant pulmonary nodules.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we used telomerase reverse transcriptase\u2013based (TERT-based) CTC detection (TBCD) to distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules &lt; 2 cm and compared this method with the pathological diagnosis as the gold standard. FlowSight and FISH were used to confirm the CTCs detected by TBCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that CTCs based on TBCD can be used as independent biomarkers to distinguish benign from malignant nodules and are significantly superior to serum tumor markers. When the detection threshold was 1, the detection sensitivity and specificity of CTC diagnosis were 0.854 and 0.839, respectively. For pulmonary nodules \u2264 1 cm and 1\u20132 cm, the sensitivity and specificity of CTCs were both higher than 77%. Additionally, the diagnostic ability of CTC-assisted CT was compared by CT detection. The results show that CT combined with CTCs could significantly improve the differentiation ability of benign and malignant nodules in lung nodules &lt; 2 cm and that the sensitivity and specificity could reach 0.899 and 0.839, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TBCD can effectively diagnose pulmonary nodules and be used as an effective auxiliary diagnostic scheme for CT diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>FUNDING<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>National Key Research and Development Project grant nos. 2019YFC1315700 and 2017YFC1308702, CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine grant no. 2017-I2M-1-005, and National Natural Science Foundation of China grant no. 81472013.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.148182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T12:05:46Z","timestamp":1619525146000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Combination of CT and telomerase+ circulating tumor cells improves diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3150-2751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3628-8782","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinchun","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenrong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenrong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Deepexam Biotechnology Co. 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