{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T02:41:03Z","timestamp":1793932863799,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["1DP2DK124891-01,1R01MD016401-01,5T32DK007731-24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1DP2DK124891-01,1R01MD016401-01,5T32DK007731-24"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006510","name":"Duke University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Whitehead Scholar Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Whitehead Scholar Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006510","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    COVID-19 infection causes collapse of glomerular capillaries and loss of podocytes, culminating in a severe kidney disease called COVID-19\u2013associated nephropathy (COVAN). The underlying mechanism of COVAN is unknown. We hypothesized that cytokines induced by COVID-19 trigger expression of pathogenic APOL1 via JAK\/STAT signaling, resulting in podocyte loss and COVAN phenotype. Here, based on 9 biopsy-proven COVAN cases, we demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that APOL1 protein was abundantly expressed in podocytes and glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) of COVAN kidneys but not in controls. Moreover, a majority of patients with COVAN carried 2\n                    <jats:italic>APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n                    risk alleles. We show that recombinant cytokines induced by SARS-CoV-2 acted synergistically to drive\n                    <jats:italic>APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression through the JAK\/STAT pathway in primary human podocytes, GECs, and kidney micro-organoids derived from a carrier of 2\n                    <jats:italic>APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n                    risk alleles, but expression was blocked by a JAK1\/2 inhibitor, baricitinib. We demonstrate that cytokine-induced JAK\/STAT\/APOL1 signaling reduced the viability of kidney organoid podocytes but was rescued by baricitinib. Together, our results support the conclusion that COVID-19\u2013induced cytokines are sufficient to drive COVAN-associated podocytopathy via JAK\/STAT\/APOL1 signaling and that JAK inhibitors could block this pathogenic process. These findings suggest JAK inhibitors may have therapeutic benefits for managing cytokine-induced, APOL1-mediated podocytopathy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.157432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T12:01:20Z","timestamp":1650974480000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["JAK inhibitor blocks COVID-19 cytokine\u2013induced JAK\/STAT\/APOL1 signaling in glomerular cells and podocytopathy in human kidney organoids"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1094-1483","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Nystrom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guojie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somenath","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Soldano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Silas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, 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USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0886-7605","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Opeyemi A.","family":"Olabisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, 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