{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:14:12Z","timestamp":1787170452435,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017268","name":"Berlin Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Lymphatic Malformation Institute","award":["Lymphatic Malformation Institute"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Lymphatic Malformation Institute"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council","award":["Medical Research Council (MRC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Medical Research Council (MRC)"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MR\/P011543\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/P011543\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RG\/17\/7\/33217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG\/17\/7\/33217"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"European Research Council","award":["PREVENT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PREVENT"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Superficial erythematous cutaneous vascular malformations are assumed to be blood vascular in origin, but cutaneous lymphatic malformations can contain blood and appear red. Management may be different and so an accurate diagnosis is important. Cutaneous malformations were investigated through 2D histology and 3D whole-mount histology. Two lesions were clinically considered as port-wine birthmarks and another 3 lesions as erythematous telangiectasias. The aims were (i) to demonstrate that cutaneous erythematous malformations including telangiectasia can represent a lymphatic phenotype, (ii) to determine if lesions represent expanded but otherwise normal or malformed lymphatics, and (iii) to determine if the presence of erythrocytes explained the red color. Microscopy revealed all lesions as lymphatic structures. Port-wine birthmarks proved to be cystic lesions, with nonuniform lymphatic marker expression and a disconnected lymphatic network suggesting a lymphatic malformation. Erythematous telangiectasias represented expanded but nonmalformed lymphatics. Blood within lymphatics appeared to explain the color. Blood-lymphatic shunts could be detected in the erythematous telangiectasia. In conclusion, erythematous cutaneous capillary lesions may be lymphatic in origin but clinically indistinguishable from blood vascular malformations. Biopsy is advised for correct phenotyping and management. Erythrocytes are the likely explanation for color accessing lymphatics through lympho-venous shunts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.172179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T12:01:27Z","timestamp":1694520087000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Erythematous capillary-lymphatic malformations mimicking blood vascular anomalies"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6830-2043","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"H\u00e4gerling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health at Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health at Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"Research Group Development and Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malou","family":"Van Zanten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George\u2019s University of London, London, United Kingdom."},{"name":"Dermatology and Lymphovascular Medicine, St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8503-3411","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rose Yinghan","family":"Behncke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health at Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3861-4966","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sascha","family":"Ulferts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health at Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7024-5351","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nils 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