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However, the precise mechanisms driving pulmonary fibrosis in HPS are not fully elucidated. Our previous studies suggested that CHI3L1-driven fibroproliferation may be a notable factor in HPS-associated fibrosis. This study aimed to explore the role of CHI3L1-CRTH2 interaction on type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and explored the potential contribution of ILC2-fibroblast crosstalk in the development of pulmonary fibrosis in HPS. We identified ILC2s in lung tissues from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and HPS. Using bleomycin-challenged WT and\n                    <jats:italic>Hps1<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice, we observed that ILC2s were recruited and appeared to contribute to fibrosis development in the\n                    <jats:italic>Hps1<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice, with CRTH2 playing a notable role in ILC2 accumulation. We sorted ILC2s, profiled fibrosis-related genes and mediators, and conducted coculture experiments with primary lung ILC2s and fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that ILC2s may directly stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of primary lung fibroblasts partially through amphiregulin-EGFR\u2013dependent mechanisms. Additionally, specific overexpression of CHI3L1 in the ILC2 population using the\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      IL-7R\n                      <jats:sup>cre<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    driver, which was associated with increased fibroproliferation, indicates that ILC2-mediated, CRTH2-dependent mechanisms might contribute to optimal CHI3L1-induced fibroproliferative repair in HPS-associated pulmonary fibrosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.178381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T12:00:17Z","timestamp":1728993617000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Type 2 innate immunity promotes the development of pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak 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