{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T10:00:49Z","timestamp":1787652049259,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HL159645,DK117475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL159645,DK117475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"abstract":"\n The immune benefits of vitamin D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n supplementation beyond calcium and phosphate maintenance are highly clinically debated. Kidney expression of CYP27B1 is the source of endocrine, circulating 1,25(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n (active form of vitamin D) that maintains serum calcium and phosphate. 1,25(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n may also be made by the CYP27B1 enzyme in nonrenal cells, like immune cells, in a process driven by cellular availability of 25(OH)D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n and inflammation. Due to the endocrine nature of 1,25(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n in circulation, it is difficult to discern between these 2 sources. We recently created a regulatory deletion model of\n Cyp27b1<\/jats:italic>\n (M1\/M21-DIKO) where mice have normal inflammatory-regulated\n Cyp27b1<\/jats:italic>\n expression in nonrenal tissues (unlike global\n Cyp27b1<\/jats:italic>\n -KO) but no expression within the kidney. Here, utilizing on-tissue chemical derivatization and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), we investigated the distribution of 1,25(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n and 25(OH)D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n in the kidney, liver, spleen, and thymus. MALDI-MSI demonstrated increased 1,25(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n in nonrenal tissues such as the spleen after vitamin D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n supplementation in M1\/M21-DIKO mice. Additionally, from this, we found increased\n Il4<\/jats:italic>\n and decreased\n Tnfa<\/jats:italic>\n in the spleen after vitamin D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n supplementation. Taken together, these data demonstrate nonrenal production of 1,25(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n in vivo and provide a consequence of vitamin D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n supplementation and nonrenal 1,25(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n production in cytokine changes.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.181763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T12:00:31Z","timestamp":1719316831000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Spatial detection and consequences of nonrenal calcitriol production as assessed by targeted mass spectrometry imaging"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6612-7491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark B.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5017-5456","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seong Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon R.","family":"Cichanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego F.","family":"Cobice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Centre, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute (BMSRI), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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