{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T20:13:47Z","timestamp":1778876027817,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":59,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21AG071433,R56AG078970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AG071433,R56AG078970"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21NS126094,R01NS117458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21NS126094,R01NS117458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HU 1636\/13-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HU 1636\/13-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UM1AI164559,R56AI125128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI164559,R56AI125128"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH130197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH130197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U01DA058527,R01DA052027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DA058527,R01DA052027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Neurocognitive impairment is a prevalent comorbidity in virologically suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH), yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive and treatments lacking. We explored use of participant-derived directly induced neurons (iNs) to model neuronal biology and injury in PLWH. iNs retain age- and disease-related donor features, providing unique opportunities to reveal important aspects of neurological disorders. We obtained primary dermal fibroblasts from 6 virologically suppressed PLWH and 7 matched people without HIV (PWOH). iNs were generated using transcription factors NGN2 and ASCL1 and validated by immunocytochemistry, single-cell RNA-Seq, and electrophysiological recordings. Transcriptomic aging analyses confirmed retention of donor age-related signatures. Bulk RNA-Seq identified 29 significantly differentially expressed genes between PLWH and PWOH iNs. Of these, 16 were downregulated and 13 upregulated in PLWH iNs. Protein-protein interaction network mapping indicated iNs from PLWH exhibited differences in extracellular matrix organization and synaptic transmission.\n                    <jats:italic>IFI27<\/jats:italic>\n                    was upregulated in PLWH iNs, complementing independent postmortem studies demonstrating elevated\n                    <jats:italic>IFI27<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression in PLWH-derived brain tissue.\n                    <jats:italic>FOXL2NB-FOXL2-LINC01391<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression was reduced in PLWH iNs and negatively correlated with neurocognitive impairment. Thus, we identified an iN gene signature of HIV revealing mechanisms of neurocognitive impairment in PLWH.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.190445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T16:21:47Z","timestamp":1764606107000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transcriptional signature of induced neurons differentiates virologically suppressed people with HIV from people without HIV"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Philipp N.","family":"Ostermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youjun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, The Center for Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Bowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Meza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA."},{"name":"Institute of Translational Research, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Adnan","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, University Hospital and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany."},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon A.","family":"Sealy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Research, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mega","family":"Sidharta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, The Center for Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiran","family":"Ramnarine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, The Center for Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie Ann","family":"St. Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Desiree","family":"Byrd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Queens College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. 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