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Using bulk and single-cell RNA-Seq, we characterized gene expression dynamics in the cycling endometrium and the decidua from early pregnancy. We demonstrated that during the mid-secretory phase \u2014 the period encompassing the window of implantation \u2014 secretory glandular epithelial cells undergo notable transcriptional changes and alterations in cell-cell communication. Through comprehensive analyses, we identified the glandular epithelium receptivity module (GERM) signature, comprising 556 genes associated with endometrial receptivity. This GERM signature was consistently perturbed across datasets of endometrial samples from women with impaired fertility, validating its relevance as a marker of receptivity. In addition to epithelial changes, we observed shifts in stromal cell populations, notably involving decidual and senescent subsets, which also play key roles in modulating implantation. 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