{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:33:24Z","timestamp":1792787604062,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","award":["R01 AI134195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI134195"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043z4tv69","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","award":["T32 AI049820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AI049820"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043z4tv69","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","award":["F31 AI181616"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 AI181616"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043z4tv69","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","award":["UC7 AI180311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UC7 AI180311"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043z4tv69","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Otis Childs Trust of the Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh Foundation","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03763ep67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0456r8d26","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["S10 OD028483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S10 OD028483"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","award":["T32 GM144300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 GM144300"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04q48ey07","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tuberculosis (TB) caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Mtb) is the leading infectious cause of death globally. Despite wide use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) by people living with HIV, the risk of TB remains increased. To understand immune interactions within lung granulomas, we compared spatial transcriptomics of Mtb and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in co-infected macaques with or without ART as a model for HIV\/Mtb co-infection. Spatially differentiated transcriptional profiles were observed in Mtb-only granulomas, with myeloid cells enriched in metabolic\/antimicrobial pathways within the inner ring and T cell co-stimulatory\/activation pathways enriched in the outer ring. These spatially distinct patterns were lost in SIV\/Mtb granulomas with higher enrichment in type I IFN pathways compared to Mtb-only granulomas. SIV\/ART\/Mtb granulomas had an intermediate transcriptional pattern without restoration to Mtb-only granulomas, despite a lack of viral replication. Cell-cell communication was reduced among SIV\/Mtb co-infected groups. These data suggest that HIV disrupts spatially organized immune functions of granulomas, which are not fully restored by ART.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.208488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:00:17Z","timestamp":1790265617000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SIV infection disrupts the spatial cellular and communication networks of pulmonary granulomas during SIV\/MTB co-infection"],"prefix":"10.1172","author":[{"given":"Jessica M.","family":"Medrano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Persis","family":"Sunny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Collin R.","family":"Diedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Maiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Kline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Rutledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua T.","family":"Mattila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5747-064X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jishnu","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systems Immunology, Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zandrea","family":"Ambrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-3714","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philana Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"232","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"container-title":["JCI Insight"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/insight.jci.org\/articles\/view\/208488\/files\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:00:19Z","timestamp":1790265619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/insight.jci.org\/articles\/view\/208488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["10.1172\/jci.insight.208488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.208488","relation":{},"ISSN":["2379-3708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2379-3708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]}}}