{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:30:35Z","timestamp":1790623835898,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    HIV-1\u2013specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) typically develop in individuals with continuous high-level viral replication and increased immune activation, conditions that cannot be reproduced during prophylactic immunization. Understanding mechanisms supporting bnAb development in the absence of high-level viremia may be important for designing bnAb-inducing immunogens. Here, we show that the breadth of neutralizing antibody responses in HIV-1 controllers was associated with a relative enrichment of circulating CXCR5\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CXCR3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    PD-1\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells. These CXCR3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    PD-1\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tfh-like cells were preferentially induced in vitro by functionally superior dendritic cells from controller neutralizers, and able to secrete IL-21 and support B cells. In addition, these CXCR3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    PD-1\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tfh-like cells contained higher proportions of stem cell\u2013like memory T cells, and upon antigenic stimulation differentiated into PD-1\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tfh-like cells in a Notch-dependent manner. Together, these data suggest that CXCR5\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CXCR3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    PD-1\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells represent a dendritic cell\u2013primed precursor cell population for PD-1\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tfh-like cells that may contribute to the generation of bnAbs in the absence of high-level viremia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.89574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T11:01:10Z","timestamp":1485342070000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Circulating CXCR5+CXCR3+PD-1lo Tfh-like cells in HIV-1 controllers with neutralizing antibody breadth"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Enrique","family":"Martin-Gayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Cronin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Hickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyu","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madelene","family":"Lindqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Center for HIV\/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVI-ID), Duke 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USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex K.","family":"Shalek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"MIT Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES) and Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"van Lunzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias K.","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drexel University, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce D.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Center for 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