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Here, we show that intravitreally injected human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) that can be isolated and differentiated from cord blood in xeno-free media collect in the vitreous cavity and rescue vaso-obliteration and neurodegeneration in animal models of retinal disease. Furthermore, we determined that a subset of the ECFCs was more effective at anatomically and functionally preventing retinopathy; these cells expressed high levels of CD44, the hyaluronic acid receptor, and IGFBPs (insulin-like growth factor\u2013binding proteins). Injection of cultured media from ECFCs or only recombinant human IGFBPs also rescued the ischemia phenotype. These results help us to understand the mechanism of ECFC-based therapies for ischemic insults and retinal neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.89906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T11:01:10Z","timestamp":1485342070000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["CD44 expression in endothelial colony-forming cells regulates neurovascular trophic effect"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Susumu","family":"Sakimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STEMCELL Technologies, Vancouver, British Columbia, 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