{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T13:36:28Z","timestamp":1793367388170,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"9","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000145","name":"Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Alberta Sepsis Network"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Alberta Sepsis Network"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Sepsis-associated encephalopathy manifesting as delirium is a common problem in critical care medicine. In this study, patients that had delirium due to sepsis had significant cognitive impairments at 12\u201318 months after hospital discharge when compared with controls and Cambridge Neuropsychological Automated Test Battery\u2013standardized scores in spatial recognition memory, pattern recognition memory, and delayed-matching-to-sample tests but not other cognitive functions. A mouse model of\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    pneumonia-induced sepsis, which modeled numerous aspects of the human sepsis-associated multiorgan dysfunction, including encephalopathy, also revealed similar deficits in spatial memory but not new task learning. Both humans and mice had large increases in chemokines for myeloid cell recruitment. Intravital imaging of the brains of septic mice revealed increased neutrophil and CCR2\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    inflammatory monocyte recruitment (the latter being far more robust), accompanied by subtle microglial activation. Prevention of CCR2\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    inflammatory monocyte recruitment, but not neutrophil recruitment, reduced microglial activation and other signs of neuroinflammation and prevented all signs of cognitive impairment after infection. Therefore, therapeutically targeting CCR2\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    inflammatory monocytes at the time of sepsis may provide a novel neuroprotective clinical intervention to prevent the development of persistent cognitive impairments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.99364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T11:00:57Z","timestamp":1525258857000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":173,"title":["Targeting inflammatory monocytes in sepsis-associated encephalopathy and long-term cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Graciela","family":"Andonegui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Group, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, and"},{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, 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