{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T12:58:56Z","timestamp":1791377936392,"version":"4.3.2"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"10","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21DA049530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DA049530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01-DA039687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-DA039687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32-DA007278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32-DA007278"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32HG008962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32HG008962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Research Fellow program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research Fellow program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Charles and Ann Sanders Research Scholar Award","award":["N.A."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N.A."]}]},{"name":"L.S. Skaggs Presidential Endowed Chair","award":["N.A."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N.A."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"DOI":"10.1172\/jci143990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T17:09:41Z","timestamp":1618333781000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitor finasteride reduces opioid self-administration in animal models of opioid use disorder"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1595-630X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel D.","family":"Bosse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cadeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Floris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2147-0426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan D.","family":"Farero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7034-1842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Vigato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhjung J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tejia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilesh W.","family":"Gaikwad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen A.","family":"Keefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8749-7026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul E.M.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4498-9637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Bortolato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0727-3469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Randall T.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"232","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6911a4"},{"issue":"5152","key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm675152e1","article-title":"Drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths \u2014 United States, 2013\u20132017","volume":"67","author":"Scholl","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"B3","article-title":"Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence","author":"Mattick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15020262"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801105-8.00010-2","article-title":"Gene expression in the addicted brain","volume":"116","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a039628"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2013.11.014"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.09.002","article-title":"The zebrafish as a promising tool for modeling human brain disorders. A review based upon an IBNS Symposium","volume":"85","author":"Shams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2015.11.007","article-title":"Perspectives on zebrafish neurobehavioral pharmacology","volume":"139","author":"Levin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.191380698"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2005.00185.x"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069453"},{"issue":"pt A","key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2018.02.001","article-title":"Evaluation of the rewarding properties of nicotine and caffeine by implementation of a five-choice conditioned place preference task in zebrafish","volume":"84","author":"Faillace","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacology Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090467"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2003.10.003"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.08.017","article-title":"Zebrafish: a promising in vivo model for assessing the delivery of natural products, fluorescence dyes and drugs across the blood-brain barrier","volume":"125","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.128"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.08.001"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2009.10.005"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00072a028"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-128X(98)00005-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"B22","first-page":"550","article-title":"The effects of finasteride on scalp skin and serum androgen levels in men with androgenetic alopecia","volume":"41","author":"Drake","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"B23","first-page":"222","article-title":"Finasteride treatment and neuroactive steroid formation","volume":"110","author":"Duskov\u00e1","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prague Med Rep"},{"issue":"1\u20136","key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(93)90075-8","article-title":"Androgen and progesterone metabolism in the central and peripheral nervous system","volume":"47","author":"Martini","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajur.2017.11.005"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)01905-2"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07731.x"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2010.01.003"},{"issue":"4","key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12586","article-title":"Expression and activity profiling of the steroidogenic enzymes of glucocorticoid biosynthesis and the fdx1 co-factors in zebrafish","volume":"30","author":"Weger","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqaa048"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1351"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(85)90320-X"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2011.00137","article-title":"The brain of teleost fish, a source, and a target of sexual steroids","volume":"5","author":"Diotel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4103"},{"issue":"27","key":"B35","first-page":"1","article-title":"The behavioral neuroscience of motivation: an overview of concepts, measures, and translational applications","author":"Simpson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.301.2.698"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2010.12.007"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.11.033"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-977X(96)00003-X"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.02.008"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(92)90041-9"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(94)90144-9"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1700"},{"key":"B44"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.10.001"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000442982"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14117"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1972.tb05129.x"},{"issue":"11","key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9110749","article-title":"The steroidogenesis inhibitor finasteride reduces the response to both stressful and rewarding stimuli","volume":"9","author":"Godar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4114"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.01.001"},{"issue":"8","key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01223.x","article-title":"Changes in sensation seeking and risk-taking propensity predict increases in alcohol use among early adolescents","volume":"34","author":"MacPherson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.818"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3182549c2a"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41809-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"B56","first-page":"163","article-title":"The 5\u03b1-reductase in the brain: molecular aspects and relation to brain function","volume":"13","author":"Celotti","year":"1992","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116665"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0606544103"},{"issue":"3","key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1515\/HMBCI.2010.035","article-title":"Human type 3 5\u03b1-reductase is expressed in peripheral tissues at higher levels than types 1 and 2 and its activity is potently inhibited by finasteride and dutasteride","volume":"2","author":"Yamana","year":"2010","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.31.1646"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-16-0013"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2011.02256.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2008.11.002","article-title":"Neurobiological and neuropsychiatric effects of DHEA and DHEA-S","volume":"30","author":"Maninger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"B64","first-page":"158","article-title":"The role of GABAB receptors in morphine self-administration","volume":"4","author":"Ramshini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5129-07.2008"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2013.00152","article-title":"Dopamine signaling in reward-related behaviors","volume":"7","author":"Baik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"},{"issue":"2","key":"B67","first-page":"613","article-title":"Increased mesolimbic GABA concentration blocks heroin self-administration in the rat","volume":"294","author":"Xi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0284-5"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.05.023"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2003.10.013"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12322"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2019.100789","article-title":"Stress and drug abuse-related disorders: the promising therapeutic value of neurosteroids focus on pregnenolone-progesterone-allopregnanolone pathway","volume":"55","author":"Tomaselli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53630-3.00008-7"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051455"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bmc-2012-0033"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.06.001"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.10.4553"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(01)46065-X","article-title":"Stress and neuroactive steroids","volume":"46","author":"Barbaccia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14370"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00183","article-title":"Neurosteroids in adult hippocampus of male and female rodents: biosynthesis and actions of sex steroids","volume":"9","author":"Hojo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.05.013"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-015-9319-y"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12647"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01338-7"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2008.39"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23810"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199630010-00002"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac400016e"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.146"},{"key":"B90","unstructured":"Gaikwad NW, inventor; Kilpatrick Townsend and Stockton LLP, assignee. Methods for comprehensive profiling of steroid metabolome. International patent WO2015161078 (A1). October 22, 2015."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-017-4536-6"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(93)90359-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jci.org\/articles\/view\/143990\/files\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T01:32:36Z","timestamp":1698888756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jci.org\/articles\/view\/143990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1172\/JCI143990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci143990","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-8238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-8238","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"article-number":"e143990"}}