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Early treatment with thrombolytics and\/or thrombectomy can significantly improve outcomes; however, following these acute interventions, treatment is limited to rehabilitation therapies. Thus, identification of therapeutic strategies that can help restore brain function in the post-acute phase remains a major challenge. Here we report that genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of the PDGF-CC\/PDGFR\u03b1 pathway, which has previously been implicated in stroke pathology, significantly reduced myofibroblast expansion in the border of the fibrotic scar and improved outcome in a sensory-motor integration test after experimental ischemic stroke. This was supported by gene expression analyses of cerebrovascular fragments showing upregulation of profibrotic\/proinflammatory genes, including genes of the TGF pathway, after ischemic stroke or intracerebroventricular injection of active PDGF-CC. 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