{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:34:20Z","timestamp":1792787660496,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":60,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["NS045585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS045585"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["NS129502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS129502"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["NS110630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS110630"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Microglia are recognized as the main cells in the central nervous system responsible for phagocytosis. The current study demonstrates that in prion disease, microglia effectively phagocytose prions or PrP\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    during early preclinical stages. However, a critical shift occurred in microglial activity during the late preclinical stage, transitioning from PrP\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    uptake to establishing extensive neuron-microglia body-to-body cell contacts. This change was followed by a rapid accumulation of PrP\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    in the brain. Microglia that enveloped neurons exhibited hypertrophic, cathepsin D\u2013positive lysosomal compartments. However, most neurons undergoing envelopment were only partially encircled by microglia. Despite up to 40% of cortical neurons being partially enveloped at clinical stages, only a small percentage of envelopment proceeded to full engulfment. Partially enveloped neurons lacked apoptotic markers, but showed signs of functional decline. Neuronal envelopment was independent of the CD11b pathway, previously associated with phagocytosis of newborn neurons during neurodevelopment. This phenomenon of partial envelopment was consistently observed across multiple prion-affected brain regions, various mouse-adapted strains, and different subtypes of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) in humans. The current work describes a phenomenon of partial envelopment of neurons by reactive microglia in the context of an actual neurodegenerative disease, not a disease model.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci181169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T12:01:27Z","timestamp":1727956887000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Reactive microglia partially envelop viable neurons in prion diseases"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Natallia","family":"Makarava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarek","family":"Safadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and"},{"name":"Department of 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