{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T10:15:40Z","timestamp":1784888140297,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":50,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["K01OD023034 (SSI),RF1AG06001 ( SSI,JHM),R56AI150409 (SSI),1R01AI187016-01 (SSI),K01DK110264 (RR)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01OD023034 (SSI),RF1AG06001 ( SSI,JHM),R56AI150409 (SSI),1R01AI187016-01 (SSI),K01DK110264 (RR)"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01DK124351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK124351"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Integrin-targeted therapies are under investigation for HIV-associated neuroinflammation, yet their effect on CNS antiviral immunity remains undefined. We examined the role of \u03b14 integrin in T cell\u2013mediated neuroimmune surveillance using SIV-infected macaques with \u03b14 blockade and T cell\u2013specific \u03b14-deficient mice. In macaques, \u03b14 blockade preserved CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Th1 cell access to the brain parenchyma but impaired CD8 effector recruitment, disrupting antiviral control. Despite stable cerebrospinal fluid viral loads, hippocampal SIV RNA increased under blockade. Single-cell analyses revealed \u03b14 enrichment in CD8 effector memory (Tem) cells; blockade reduced inferred CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tem-monocyte interactions and heightened innate immune activation in the hippocampus. Microscopy demonstrated persistent SIV-induced microglial simplification despite treatment. Th1 CD4 effectors correlated positively with gray matter viral RNA, whereas \u03b14\u03b27\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells correlated inversely, implicating impaired CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tem recruitment in elevated parenchymal viral burden. In mice, \u03b14 proved dispensable for CD4 trafficking to inflamed brain but essential for CD8 effector access across CNS compartments and for both subsets to reach skull marrow. These findings establish that \u03b14 integrin governs CD8-mediated neuroimmune surveillance through coordinated cellular positioning, with blockade enabling viral seeding while disrupting spatially organized antiviral defense.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci198730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T17:00:18Z","timestamp":1771952418000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\u03b14 Integrin blockade impairs CD8+ T cell neuroimmune surveillance following SIV infection"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Pabitra B.","family":"Pal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonny R.","family":"Elizaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanne B.","family":"Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi Prakash","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organ Pathobiology and Therapeutics Institute and"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashavanth","family":"Shaan Lakshmanappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 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