{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:24:45Z","timestamp":1790835885227,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Distress sharing within an ingroup instinctively motivates caregiving-like prosocial behavior in social animals and humans, yet how aversive social stimuli paradoxically trigger such behavior remains unclear. Here, we show that stress-state matching in observer mice elicits caregiving-like behaviors (allogrooming and injury-targeted allolicking) toward cagemates in pain, resulting in synchronized social buffering. Importantly, we identify that the excitation of vasopressin receptor 1a\u2013expressing (V1aR-expressing) neurons in the central medial amygdala (CeM) underlies both emotional-state matching and subsequent allogrooming\/allolicking. This excitation is accomplished by arginine vasopressin (AVP) release from presynaptic terminals of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to act specifically on postsynaptic V1aR in the CeM. The CeM\n                    <jats:sup>V1aR<\/jats:sup>\n                    neurons then project to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to drive caregiving-like actions through positive reinforcement, manifested as prosocial preference and recurrent allogrooming\/allolicking, and to produce anxiolysis in the caregiver. Collectively, we unravel a dedicated trisynaptic PVN\n                    <jats:sup>AVP<\/jats:sup>\n                    -CeM\n                    <jats:sup>V1aR<\/jats:sup>\n                    -VTA circuit driving and gating caregiving-like behaviors and advance the mechanistic understanding of AVP-V1aR signaling in prosociality.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1172\/jci204317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:01:22Z","timestamp":1790791282000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hypothalamic-amygdala gating of caregiving-like prosocial behavior in 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