{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T00:25:25Z","timestamp":1793838325171,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Invest."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,15]]},"DOI":"10.1172\/jci21681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,18]],"date-time":"2008-02-18T09:58:33Z","timestamp":1203328713000},"page":"1093-1101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":595,"title":["The emergence of Lyme disease"],"prefix":"10.1172","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Allen C.","family":"Steere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenifer","family":"Coburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Glickstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"232","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107123450207"},{"key":"B2","journal-title":""},{"key":"B3","first-page":"29","volume":"51","year":"2002","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908313210906","volume":"321","author":"Steere","year":"1989","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb19865.x"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/37551"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01698.x"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02046-7"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3698","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.8.3698-3704.1998","volume":"66","author":"Zhang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5471.1651"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2003)089[0452:MPAITT]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0233733100"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.8.3103-3105.2000","volume":"38","author":"Schneider","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086[1223:ACSOMA]2.0.CO;2","volume":"86","author":"Kuo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"B15","journal-title":""},{"key":"B16","journal-title":""},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02298-3"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0803.010166","volume":"8","author":"Guerra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.538","volume":"65","author":"Glavanakov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807233390401"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.1.382-388.2000","volume":"38","author":"Schwan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200419894","volume":"113","author":"Pal","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0306845101"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80298-6"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.11.4256-4265.2002"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-136-6-200203190-00005","volume":"136","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200306123482423"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-99-1-76","volume":"99","author":"Steere","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01440-7"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00006","volume":"130","author":"Strle","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339813"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.7.2431-2436.2002"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540110080061"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/368187"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.275.21.1657"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004300050038"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00198.x"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.1.348","volume":"168","author":"Wooten","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.1.413-419.2001"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(94)90185-6"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/340826"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.5.2660","volume":"171","author":"Salazar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.10.6051-6053.2003"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.12.7437-7444.2001"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1988.tb31839.x"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01127.x"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3518","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3518-3524.1999","volume":"67","author":"Seinost","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01654.x"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01792.x"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.994-999.1998","volume":"66","author":"Leong","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01103.x"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03452.x"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.1.446-455.2001"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.7.3468-3478.2002"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020770"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011870"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M308343200"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.9.5190-5197.2000"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1086\/515382","volume":"178","author":"Rousselle","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80341-6"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.5.2143-2153.1998","volume":"66","author":"Hanson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.4.1770","volume":"154","author":"Keane-Myers","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.2.392","volume":"167","author":"Dressler","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.1.173-181.1999","volume":"67","author":"Akin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-5-725","volume":"107","author":"Steere","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.2.893","volume":"171","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314448"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5142","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.10.5142-5150.1999","volume":"67","author":"Brown","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830251105"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050216"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011223232102","volume":"323","author":"Logigian","year":"1990","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370616"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199401273300401"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1267"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01409985"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199912)42:12<2705::AID-ANR29>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10772"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199909)42:9<1813::AID-ANR4>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5377.703"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5286","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.8.5286","volume":"166","author":"Trollmo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107123450202"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.8.1002"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1790110514"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110s4607","volume":"110(Suppl. 4)","author":"Sigal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.269.14.1812"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-5-199803010-00003","volume":"128","author":"Reid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200201000-00003"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.2.356","volume":"171","author":"Ettestad","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318138"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.7.827"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1086\/314053","volume":"31(Suppl. 1)","author":"Wormser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107123450201"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-9-200305060-00005","volume":"138","author":"Wormser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540110080070"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/374395"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322669"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/374376"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/376914"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra021397"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2.5.683"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jci.org\/articles\/view\/21681\/files\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T12:57:54Z","timestamp":1691067474000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jci.org\/articles\/view\/21681"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,15]]},"references-count":100,"aliases":["10.1172\/jci200421681"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci21681","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,15]]}}}