{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T00:20:43Z","timestamp":1770510043896,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"American Psychiatric Association Publishing","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.11.3.370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]],"date-time":"2014-12-17T23:11:53Z","timestamp":1418857913000},"page":"370-379","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Lateralization of Facial Emotional Expression in Schizophrenic and Depressed Patients"],"prefix":"10.1176","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Yecker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Received December 17, 1997; revised March 12, 1998; accepted June 19, 1998. From the Department of Psychology, Queens College, and the Graduate School, City University of New York (CUNY); Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, CUNY; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saint Vincents Hospital and Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry, Bellevue Hospital Center; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center; and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan C.","family":"Borod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Received December 17, 1997; revised March 12, 1998; accepted June 19, 1998. From the Department of Psychology, Queens College, and the Graduate School, City University of New York (CUNY); Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, CUNY; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saint Vincents Hospital and Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry, Bellevue Hospital Center; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center; and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alizah","family":"Brozgold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Received December 17, 1997; revised March 12, 1998; accepted June 19, 1998. From the Department of Psychology, Queens College, and the Graduate School, City University of New York (CUNY); Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, CUNY; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saint Vincents Hospital and Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry, Bellevue Hospital Center; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center; and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Candace","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Received December 17, 1997; revised March 12, 1998; accepted June 19, 1998. From the Department of Psychology, Queens College, and the Graduate School, City University of New York (CUNY); Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, CUNY; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saint Vincents Hospital and Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry, Bellevue Hospital Center; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center; and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murray","family":"Alpert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Received December 17, 1997; revised March 12, 1998; accepted June 19, 1998. From the Department of Psychology, Queens College, and the Graduate School, City University of New York (CUNY); Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, CUNY; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saint Vincents Hospital and Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry, Bellevue Hospital Center; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center; and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Welkowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Received December 17, 1997; revised March 12, 1998; accepted June 19, 1998. From the Department of Psychology, Queens College, and the Graduate School, City University of New York (CUNY); Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, CUNY; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saint Vincents Hospital and Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry, Bellevue Hospital Center; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center; and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"230","reference":[{"key":"R5V41811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC: Cerebral mechanisms underlying facial, prosodic, and lexical emotional expression: a review of neuropsychological studies and methodological issues. Neuropsychology 1993; 7:445\u2013463","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0894-4105.7.4.445"},{"key":"R5V41815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuypers HGJM: Corticobulbar connections to the pons and lower brainstem in man. Brain 1958; 81:364\u2013390","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/81.3.364"},{"key":"R5V41817","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC, Haywood CS, Koff E: Neuropsychological aspects of facial asymmetry during emotional expression: a review of the normal adult literature. Neuropsychol Rev 1997; 7:41\u201360","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02876972"},{"key":"R5V41819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC: Interhemispheric and intrahemispheric control of emotion: a focus on unilateral brain damage. J Consult Clin Psychol 1992; 60:339\u2013348","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-006X.60.3.339"},{"key":"R5V418111","unstructured":"Schnierla T: An evolutionary and developmental theory of motivation underlying approach and withdrawal. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation 1959; 7:1\u201342"},{"key":"R5V418112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kinsbourne M: Hemispheric specialization and the growth of human understanding. Am Psychol 1982; 37:411\u2013420","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0003-066X.37.4.411"},{"key":"R5V418113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abrams R, Taylor MA: Differential EEG patterns in affective disorder and schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979; 36:1355\u20131358","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1979.01780120085010"},{"key":"R5V418114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flor-Henry P: Lateralized temporal-limbic dysfunction and psychopathology. Ann NY Acad Sci 1976; 288:777\u2013795","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1976.tb25541.x"},{"key":"R5V418115","unstructured":"Schweitzer L: Differences in cerebral lateralization among schizophrenic and depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry 1979; 14:721\u2013733"},{"key":"R5V418116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cutting J: The role of right hemisphere dysfunction in psychiatric disorders. Br J Psychiatry 1992; 160:583\u2013588","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.160.5.583"},{"key":"R5V418117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolkin A, Sanifilipo M, Wolf A, et al: Negative symptoms and hypofrontality in chronic schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49:959\u2013965","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820120047007"},{"key":"R5V418119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lerner J, Nachshon I, Carmon A: Response of paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics in a dichotic listening task. J Nerv Ment Dis 1977; 164:247\u2013252","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-197704000-00003"},{"key":"R5V418121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davidson RJ, Schaffer CE, Saron C: Effects of lateralized presentations of faces on self-reports of emotion and EEG asymmetry in depressed and non-depressed subjects. Psychophysiology 1985; 22:353\u2013364","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1985.tb01615.x"},{"key":"R5V418123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coffey CE: Cerebral laterality and emotion: the neurology of depression. Compr Psychiatry 1989; 28:197\u2013219","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(87)90027-7"},{"key":"R5V418124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feinberg TE, Rifkin A, Schaffer C, et al: Facial discrimination and emotional recognition in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986; 43:276\u2013279","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1986.01800030094010"},{"key":"R5V418125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaeger J, Borod JC, Peselow E: Depressed patients have atypical hemispace biases in the perception of emotional chimeric faces. J Abnorm Psychol 1987; 96:321\u2013324","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021-843X.96.4.321"},{"key":"R5V418127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lynn JG, Lynn DR: Face-hand laterality in relation to personality. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 1938; 33:291\u2013322","DOI":"10.1037\/h0063678"},{"key":"R5V418128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levy J, Heller W, Banich M, et al: Asymmetry of perception in free viewing of chimeric faces. Brain Cogn 1983; 2:409\u2013419","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2626(83)90021-0"},{"key":"R5V418129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC, St Clair J, Koff E, et al: Perceiver and poser asymmetries in processing facial emotion. Brain Cogn 1990; 13:167\u2013177","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2626(90)90048-S"},{"key":"R5V418130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coren S, Porac C, Duncan PA: A behaviorally validated self-report inventory to assess four types of lateral preferences. J Clin Neuropsychol 1979; 1:55\u201364","DOI":"10.1080\/01688637908401098"},{"key":"R5V418131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Endicott J, Robins E: Research Diagnostic Criteria: rationale and reliability. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978; 35:773\u2013782","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1978.01770300115013"},{"key":"R5V418132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Endicott J, Spitzer RL: A diagnostic interview: the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978; 35:837\u2013844","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1978.01770310043002"},{"key":"R5V418135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin C, Borod J, Alpert M, et al: Spontaneous expression of facial emotion in schizophrenia and right brain-damaged patients. J Commun Disord 1990; 73:287\u2013301","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9924(90)90005-J"},{"key":"R5V418136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC, Welkowitz J, Alpert M, et al: Parameters of emotional processing in neuropsychiatric disorders: conceptual issues and a battery of tests. J Commun Disord 1990; 23:247\u2013271","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9924(90)90003-H"},{"key":"R5V418137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crow TJ: Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process? British Medical Journal 1980; 280:66\u201368","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6207.66"},{"key":"R5V418139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewine R, Fogg L, Meltzer H: The development of scales for assessment of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1983; 9:368\u2013376","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/9.3.368"},{"key":"R5V418140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abrams R, Taylor MA: A rating scale for emotional blunting. Am J Psychiatry 1979; 135:226\u2013229","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.135.2.226"},{"key":"R5V418141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Overall JE, Gorham DR: The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychol Rep 1962; 10:799\u2013812","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1962.10.3.799"},{"key":"R5V418143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC, Caron HS: Facedness and emotion related to lateral dominance, sex, and expression type. Neuropsychologia 1980; 18:237\u2013241","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(80)90070-6"},{"key":"R5V418144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC, Koff E, White B: Facial asymmetry in posed and spontaneous expressions of emotion. Brain Cogn 1983; 2:165\u2013175","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2626(83)90006-4"},{"key":"R5V418145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC, Koff E, Lorch MP, et al: The expression and perception of facial emotion in brain-damaged patients. Neuropsychologia 1986; 24:169\u2013180","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(86)90050-3"},{"key":"R5V418146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaeger J, Borod JC, Peselow E: Facial expression of positive and negative emotions in patients with unipolar depression. J Affect Disord 1986; 11:43\u201350","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(86)90058-3"},{"key":"R5V418148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oldfield RC: The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia 1971; 9:97\u2013113","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4"},{"key":"R5V418150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sackeim HA, Weiman AL, Forman BD: Asymmetry of the face at rest: size, area, and emotional expression. Cortex 1984; 20:165\u2013178","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(84)80035-0"},{"key":"R5V418151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreno CR, Borod JC, Welkowitz J, et al: Lateralization for the expression and perception of facial emotion as a function of age. Neuropsychologia 1990; 28:199\u2013209","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(90)90101-S"},{"key":"R5V418153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berenbaum H, Oltmanns TF: Emotional experience and expression in schizophrenia and depression. J Abnorm Psychol 1992; 101:37\u201344","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021-843X.101.1.37"},{"key":"R5V418154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schneider F, Gur RC, Gur RE, et al: Emotional processing in schizophrenia: neurobehavioral probes in relation to psychopathology. Schizophr Res 1995; 17:67\u201375","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(95)00031-G"},{"key":"R5V418155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker EF, Lewine RJ: Prediction of adult-onset schizophrenia from childhood home movies of the patients. Am J Psychiatry 1990; 147:1052\u20131056","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.8.1052"},{"key":"R5V418156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berenbaum H: Posed facial expressions of emotion in schizophrenia and depression. Psychol Med 1992; 22:929\u2013937","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700038502"},{"key":"R5V418157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin S, Knight RA, Hall JA, et al: Verbal and nonverbal expressions of affect in speech of schizophrenic and affective disorder patients. J Abnorm Psychol 1985; 94:487\u2013497","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021-843X.94.4.487"},{"key":"R5V418158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod JC, Kent J, Koff E, et al: Facial asymmetry while posing positive and negative emotions: support for the right hemisphere hypothesis. Neuropsychologia 1988; 26:759\u2013764","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(88)90013-9"},{"key":"R5V418159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campbell R: Asymmetries in interpreting and expressing a posed facial expression. Cortex 1978; 1:327\u2013342","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(78)80061-6"},{"key":"R5V418160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kowner R: Laterality in facial expressions and its effect on attributions of emotion and personality: a reconsideration. Neuropsychologia 1995; 33:539\u2013559","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(94)00137-E"},{"key":"R5V418161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mandal MK, Asthana HS, Madan SK, et al: Hemifacial display of emotion in the resting face. Behavioral Neurology 1992; 5:169\u2013171","DOI":"10.1155\/1992\/367621"},{"key":"R5V418162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwartz GE, Ahern GL, Brown S: Lateralized facial muscle response to positive and negative emotional stimuli. Psychophysiology 1979; 16:561\u2013571","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01521.x"},{"key":"R5V418163","unstructured":"Tucker DM: Developing emotions and cortical networks. Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology: Developmental Behavioral Neuroscience 1991; 24:75\u2013128"},{"key":"R5V418164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tucker DM, Antes JR, Stenslie CE, et al: Anxiety and lateral cerebral function. J Abnorm Psychol 1978; 87:380\u2013383","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021-843X.87.8.380"},{"key":"R5V418167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heller W: Neuropsychological mechanisms of individual differences in emotion, personality, and arousal. Neuropsychology 1993; 7:476\u2013489","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0894-4105.7.4.476"},{"key":"R5V418169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Otto MW, Yeo RA, Dougher MJ: Right hemisphere involvement in depression: toward a neuropsychological theory of negative affective experiences. Biol Psychiatry 1987; 22:1201\u20131215","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(87)90028-X"},{"key":"R5V418171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tucker DM, Stenslie CE, Roth RS, et al: Right frontal lobe activation and right hemisphere performance: decrement during a depressed mood. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981; 38:169\u2013174","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1981.01780270055007"},{"key":"R5V418172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reischies FM, Hedde JP, Drochenir R: Clinical correlates of cerebral blood flow in depression. Psychiatry Res 1989; 29:323\u2013326","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90078-4"},{"key":"R5V418175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gruzelier J, Manchanda R: The syndrome of schizophrenia: relations between electrodermal response, lateral asymmetries, and clinical ratings. Br J Psychiatry 1982; 141:488\u2013495","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.141.5.488"},{"key":"R5V418176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacPherson FM, Barden V, Hay AJ, et al: Flattening of affect and personal constructs. Br J Psychiatry 1970; 116:39\u201343","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.116.530.39"},{"key":"R5V418177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mayer M, Alpert M, Stastney P, et al: Multiple contributions to the clinical presentation of flat affect in schizophrenic populations. Schizophr Bull 1985; 11:420\u2013426","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/11.3.420"},{"key":"R5V418179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borod J, Koff E, Yecker S, et al: Facial asymmetry during emotional expression: gender, valence, and methods. Neuropsychologia 1998; 36:1209\u20131215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(97)00166-8"},{"key":"R5V418181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skinner M, Mullen B: Facial asymmetry in emotional expression: a meta-analysis of research. Br J Soc Psychol 1991; 30:113\u2013124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8309.1991.tb00929.x"},{"key":"R5V418184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown J, Jaffe J: Hypothesis on cerebral dominance. Neuropsychologia 1975; 13:107\u2013110","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(75)90054-8"},{"key":"R5V418185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellis RJ, Oscar-Berman M: Alcoholism, aging, and functional cerebral asymmetries. Psychol Bull 1989; 106:128\u2013147","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0033-2909.106.1.128"},{"key":"R5V418186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meudell PR, Greenhalgh M: Age related differences in left and right hand skill and in visuo-spatial performance: their possible relationships to the hypothesis that the right hemisphere ages more rapidly than the left. Cortex 1987; 23:431\u2013445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(87)80005-9"},{"key":"R5V418187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mitrushina M, Fogel T, D'Elia L, et al: Performance on motor tasks as an indication of increased behavioral asymmetry with advancing age. Neuropsychologia 1995; 33:359\u2013364","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(94)00113-4"},{"key":"R5V418188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McDowell C, Harrison D, Demaree H: Is right-hemisphere decline in the perception of emotion a function of aging? Int J Neurosci 1994; 79:1\u201311","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459408986063"},{"key":"R5V418189","unstructured":"Sackeim HA, Putz E, Vingiano W, et al: Lateralization in the processing of emotionally laden information, I: normal functioning. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 1988; 1:97\u2013110"},{"key":"R5V418190","unstructured":"Alden JD, Harrison DW, Snyder KA, et al: Age differences in intention to left and right hemispace using a dichotic listening paradigm. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 1997; 10:239\u2013242"},{"key":"R5V418192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kent J, Borod J, Koff E, et al: Posed facial expression in brain-damaged patients. Int J Neurosci 1988; 43:81\u201387","DOI":"10.3109\/00207458808985783"},{"key":"R5V418193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turkewitz G, Ross P: Changes in visual field advantage for facial recognition. Cortex 1983; 19:179\u2013185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(83)80013-6"},{"key":"R5V418194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benton A: The H\u00e9caen-Zangwill legacy: hemispheric dominance examined. Neuropsychol Rev 1991; 2:267\u2013280","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01108848"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryonline.org\/doi\/10.1176\/jnp.11.3.370","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T20:10:35Z","timestamp":1722370235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/psychiatryonline.org\/doi\/10.1176\/jnp.11.3.370"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1176\/jnp.11.3.370"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/jnp.11.3.370","relation":{},"ISSN":["0895-0172","1545-7222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0895-0172","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-7222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}}}