{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T07:01:15Z","timestamp":1793343675931,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]],"date-time":"2010-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Assuring quality surgical trainees within the confines of reduced work hours mandates reassessment of educational paradigms. Surgical simulators have been shown to be effective in teaching surgical residents, but their use is limited by cost and time constraints. The Nintendo Wii\u00ae gaming console is inexpensive and allows natural hand movements similar to those performed in laparoscopy to guide game play. We hypothesize that surgical skills can be improved through take-home simulators adapted from affordable off-the-shelf gaming consoles. A total of 21 surgical residents participated in a prospective, controlled study. An experimental group of 14 surgical residents was assigned to play Marble Mania\u00ae on the Nintendo Wii\u00ae using a unique physical controller that interfaces with the WiiMote\u00ae controller followed by a simulated electrocautery task. Seven residents assigned to the control group performed the electrocautery task without playing the game first. When compared with the control group, the experimental group performed the task with fewer errors and superior movement proficiency ( P &lt; 0.05). The experimental group demonstrated increased ambidexterity with improvement in proficiency of the nondominant hand over time. In conclusion, the Nintendo Wii\u00ae gaming device along with Marble Mania\u00ae serves as an effective take-home surgical simulator.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481007600620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T05:51:37Z","timestamp":1592373097000},"page":"583-586","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Design, Development, and Validation of a Take-Home Simulator for Fundamental Laparoscopic Skills: Using Nintendo Wii\u00ae for Surgical Training"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Ravia","family":"Bokhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Integrated Surgical Residency, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Bollman-Mcgregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Integrated Surgical Residency, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanav","family":"Kahol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simulation and Education Training (SimET) Center, Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"},{"name":"Human Machine Symbiosis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marshall","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simulation and Education Training (SimET) Center, Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ara","family":"Feinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Integrated Surgical Residency, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Integrated Surgical Residency, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4020"},{"key":"bibr2-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4816"},{"key":"bibr3-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.07.045"},{"key":"bibr4-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2005.11.009"},{"key":"bibr5-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-1999-15"},{"key":"bibr6-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11296-006-0054-5"},{"key":"bibr7-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.10.004"},{"key":"bibr8-000313481007600620","volume-title":"TR 1001344: The Effectiveness of Unstructured Learning of Skills in Surgery.","author":"Kahol K.","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr9-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01180.x"},{"key":"bibr10-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01421590701663295"},{"key":"bibr11-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.142.2.181"},{"key":"bibr12-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KaholK., BalasubramaniumV.N., KrishnanC.N. Measuring movement expertise in surgical tasks. Presented at the 14th Annual ACM International conference on Multimedia; Santa Barbara, CA; 2006.","DOI":"10.1145\/1180639.1180792"},{"key":"bibr13-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2008.09.029"},{"key":"bibr14-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1180639.1180792"},{"key":"bibr15-000313481007600620","unstructured":"KaholK., McDanielT., SmithM. The effect of realtime visualization of skill on surgical training. Presented at the Medicine Meets Virtual Reality; Long Beach, CA; 2007."},{"key":"bibr16-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.142.2.186"},{"key":"bibr17-000313481007600620","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-005-0018-7"}],"container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000313481007600620","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000313481007600620","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:28:26Z","timestamp":1777379306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/000313481007600620"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/000313481007600620"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000313481007600620","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1348","1555-9823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1348","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-9823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}}}