{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:24:47Z","timestamp":1777447487220,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Biliary sludge is a subjective, ill-defined term. Surgery is often consulted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, regarded as a low risk procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>After IRB approval, a word search was used to identify \u201csludge\u201d in all ultrasounds performed in 2016. The number of patients undergoing cholecystectomy, complications, pathologic findings, and risk factors were identified. Non-operative patients were evaluated for subsequent symptoms and studies or procedures related to biliary pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>2769 patients underwent RUQ US; 253 patients were found to have sludge. Of 48 (19%) cholecystectomy patients, 9 had cholelithiasis. No deaths occurred in the cholecystectomy group. Two surgical complications occurred. Fifty (24.4%) of the 205 non-operative patients underwent subsequent US imaging: 44% residual sludge, 28% normal, 18% stones, and 10% other.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Sludge may resolve 28% of the time. Repeat ultrasound is prudent before proceeding with cholecystectomy. If an abnormality is seen on repeat imaging and risk factors persist, cholecystectomy may be reasonable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348211050287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T10:39:07Z","timestamp":1646908747000},"page":"1018-1021","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Does \u201cSludge\u201d Require Cholecystectomy?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Osceola Surgical Trauma Group, Osceola Regional Medical Center, Kissimmee, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anquonette","family":"Stiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal O.","family":"Udekwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edmund J.","family":"Rutherford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00031348211050287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481307901215"},{"key":"bibr2-00031348211050287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(88)90626-9"},{"key":"bibr3-00031348211050287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000202"},{"key":"bibr4-00031348211050287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livres.2018.10.001"}],"container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348211050287","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00031348211050287","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348211050287","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:34:35Z","timestamp":1777379675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00031348211050287"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00031348211050287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00031348211050287","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1348","1555-9823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1348","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-9823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]}}}