{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:36:51Z","timestamp":1777448211222,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]],"date-time":"2022-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimal timing to initiate venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in patients with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still unknown. We designed a study to determine the effect that timing of initiation of VTE prophylaxis has on VTE rates in TBI patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient records were obtained from 32 level 1 and 2 trauma centers in the Michigan Trauma Quality Improvement Program from 2008 to 2018. Overall, 5589 patients with a TBI were included and split into cohorts based on VTE prophylaxis initiation time. Outcomes included rate of VTE, mortality, and serious in-hospital complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were nine patients (1.3%) in the &lt;24\u00a0hour group with a VTE as compared to 36 (2.6%) in the 24-48\u00a0hour group, 51 (4.1%) in the 48-72\u00a0hour group, and 181 (8.1%) in the &gt;72\u00a0hour group ( P &lt; .001). The adjusted odds of VTE were significantly greater in patients initiated within 48-72\u00a0hours (AOR 2.861, 95% CI 1.271-6.439) and &gt;72\u00a0hours (AOR 3.963, 95% CI 1.824-8.612) compared to &lt;24\u00a0hours. Patients that received VTE prophylaxis within 24\u00a0hours had similar rates of serious in-hospital complication as patients initiated within 24-48\u00a0hours (AOR .956, 95% CI .637-1.434) and 48-72\u00a0hour (AOR 1.132, 95% CI .757-1.692) but less than the &gt;72\u00a0hour group (AOR 1.662, 95% CI 1.154-2.393) groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients initiated on VTE prophylaxis within 48\u00a0hours of presentation had lower incidence of VTE without a significant increase in serious complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348221102604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T17:45:01Z","timestamp":1652895901000},"page":"2513-2519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effects of Early Chemoprophylaxis in Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5969-0921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan M.","family":"Shulkosky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy L.","family":"Wahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Hecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00031348221102604","volume-title":"Traumatic brain injury-related hospitalizations and deaths by age group, sex, and mechanism of injury: united states 2016\/2017","author":"Peterson AB","year":"2021"},{"key":"bibr2-00031348221102604","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.12.004"},{"key":"bibr3-00031348221102604","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.03002.x"},{"key":"bibr4-00031348221102604","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2016.06.382"},{"key":"bibr5-00031348221102604","unstructured":"American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program. Best practices in the management of traumatic brain injury. 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