{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T15:41:42Z","timestamp":1781538102052,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to build a risk prediction model to identify trauma patients at the time of injury who are at high risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 1\u00a0year later.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients 18+ with operative orthopedic trauma injuries were enrolled in prospective social determinants of health cohort. Data were collected through initial surveys, medical records at time of injury, and 1-year follow-up phone screenings. Univariate analysis examined associations between factors and PTSD at 1 year. The best fit multivariable logistic regression model led to a novel PTSD risk prediction tool based on weights assigned similar to the Charlson index methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 329 enrolled patients, 87 (26%) completed follow-up surveys; 58% screened positive for chronic PTSD. The best fit model predicting PTSD included age, insurance, violent mechanism, and 2 acute stress screening questions (AUC .89). Using these parameters, the maximum possible TIPPS index was 19. Those with PTSD at 1\u00a0year had a mean TIPPS index of 12.9 \u00b1 4.0, compared to 5.9 \u00b1 4.2 for those who did not ( P &lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Traumatic injury often leads to PTSD, which can be predicted by a novel risk score incorporating age, insurance status, violent injury mechanism, and acute stress reaction symptoms. Stability in life and relationships with primary care physicians may be protective of PTSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnostic level II.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348221121549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T18:34:55Z","timestamp":1660847695000},"page":"4542-4551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Early Identification of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Trauma Patients: Development of a Multivariable Risk Prediction Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Kravets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, 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