{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:41:15Z","timestamp":1777448475109,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664841600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early antibiotic initiation is considered a cornerstone in the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). However, recent data suggests that early antibiotic initiation may not be necessary in all cases. Additionally, the benefits of early antibiotic administration for infection have not been studied in a dedicated trauma population. This study\u2019s aim was to evaluate the impact of antibiotic administration timing on in-hospital mortality in trauma patients with VAP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective case-control study identified all trauma patients at a single level 1 academic trauma center from 2016 to 2020. Patients with a TQIP-defined VAP were included and stratified into 2 subgroups by in-hospital mortality. Time interval between airway culture and antibiotic initiation was gathered. Baseline measures of injury and illness severity were collected. Univariate analysis of the data was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-five patients met inclusion criteria. Overall, 80% of patients survived admission (n = 36) and 20% of patients did not survive admission (n = 9). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics or cultured organism between survivors and non-survivors. The median time interval between airway culture and antibiotic initiation was 2 hours (IQR 0-4.5) for survivors, and 0 hours (IQR 0-0) for non-survivors ( P = .07). Antibiotics were administered within 1 hour of airway culture for 33.3% of survivors, and 77.8% of non-survivors ( P = .02).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a population of trauma patients with VAP, survivors had antibiotics initiated in more delayed fashion than non-survivors. These findings question the primacy of early antibiotic administration for suspected infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348221129518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T01:26:48Z","timestamp":1664933208000},"page":"4740-4746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antibiotic Initiation Timing and Mortality in Trauma Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2372-2527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob C.","family":"O\u2019Dell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bachar N.","family":"Halimeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. Cameron","family":"McCoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Winfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Guidry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32835f27be"},{"key":"bibr2-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw353"},{"key":"bibr3-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00582-2017"},{"key":"bibr4-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2014.076"},{"key":"bibr5-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181f9fb51"},{"key":"bibr6-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31811ec18e"},{"key":"bibr7-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181e4d7be"},{"key":"bibr8-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04280"},{"key":"bibr9-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4683-6"},{"key":"bibr10-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.12179"},{"key":"bibr11-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201809-646PS"},{"key":"bibr12-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001142"},{"key":"bibr13-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30469-1"},{"key":"bibr14-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097575"},{"key":"bibr15-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.11.044"},{"key":"bibr16-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2019.03.005"},{"key":"bibr17-00031348221129518","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control \u2013 National Healthcare Safety Network \u2013 Pneumonia (Ventilator-associated [VAP] and non-ventilator-associated Pneumonia [PNEU]) Event. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/pdfs\/pscmanual\/6pscvapcurrent.pdf"},{"key":"bibr18-00031348221129518","unstructured":"American College of Surgeons - The Committee on Trauma \u2013 National Trauma Data Standard, Data Dictionary, 2021 Admissions. https:\/\/www.facs.org\/-\/media\/files\/quality-programs\/trauma\/ntdb\/ntds\/data-dictionaries\/ntds_data_dictionary_2021.ashx"},{"key":"bibr19-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06506-y"},{"key":"bibr20-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2016.269"},{"key":"bibr21-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70151-2"},{"key":"bibr22-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1191-y"},{"key":"bibr23-00031348221129518","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02173"}],"container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348221129518","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00031348221129518","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348221129518","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:38:02Z","timestamp":1777379882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00031348221129518"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00031348221129518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00031348221129518","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1348","1555-9823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1348","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-9823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]}}}