{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:22:11Z","timestamp":1790882531714,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Social determinants (SD) refer to a variety of environmental factors that can influence certain clinical outcomes. SD that affect clinical outcomes in trauma patients are largely understudied. We hypothesized that patients with an \u201cat risk\u201d (AR) classification for any SD will have a greater frequency of negative outcomes when compared to their \u201cnot at risk\u201d (NAR) counterparts. A retrospective review was performed (1\/2021-2\/2022) of all trauma patients that met the inclusion criteria. 2225 patients were included. SD included (based on collection rates) for analysis were: tobacco use, stress, and intimate partner violence. Tobacco usage was the only SD that was significantly associated with a higher 30-day mortality. This study demonstrated a paucity of data in the medical record regarding SD. In an effort to provide more inclusive care and address health disparities in our patient population, there is a need for more complete data collection upon admission\/duration of hospital stay.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348231160845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T04:41:21Z","timestamp":1678941681000},"page":"3597-3599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Social Determinants of Health in Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9987-8857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hoi","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nate","family":"Harshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kellie","family":"Bresz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business Intelligence, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine Ting","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey L.","family":"Perea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00031348231160845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549141291S206"},{"key":"bibr2-00031348231160845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9969-1"},{"key":"bibr3-00031348231160845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046164"},{"key":"bibr4-00031348231160845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5505\/tjtes.2014.21737"}],"container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348231160845","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00031348231160845","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348231160845","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:36:54Z","timestamp":1777379814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00031348231160845"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00031348231160845"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00031348231160845","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1348","1555-9823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1348","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-9823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]}}}