{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:02:37Z","timestamp":1791223357214,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary\/Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medically underserved communities and ethnic minorities constitute a significant portion of the vulnerable population within the United States. Recent changes in the health care structure, rising inflation with a decline in median household income, and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have disproportionately impacted communities of low socioeconomic status. Healthcare providers and federal organizations must be aware of how these factors influence access to surgical care to tailor treatment, interventions, and policies better to meet the needs of these populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically reviewed 19 articles to identify key factors influencing barriers to health care for minority populations and how the dynamic changes in healthcare structures can further exacerbate this divide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medically underserved populations face significant barriers to health care due to socioeconomic factors like income, housing instability, and lack of insurance. These areas often have shortages of primary care providers, access to healthy foods, and high-value health care that may lead to unfavorable outcomes. Poor access and utilization of health services can also affect hospital systems, leading to decreased funding and increased hospital closures. Despite federal intervention and policy changes, the need for further support for rural healthcare institutions and underserved populations remains, requiring financial assistance, resource allocation improvements, and incentives for healthcare providers and investors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthcare systems can work towards bridging the gap in access to surgical services by implementing targeted outreach programs and ensuring equitable resource distribution. Additionally, fostering partnerships with community organizations can enhance awareness and address specific barriers these populations face.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348251324265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T23:38:45Z","timestamp":1743118725000},"page":"685-689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of Limited Access to Surgical Care in Medically Underserved Communities"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Shebiki","family":"Beaton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Morehouse School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2370-9277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodora","family":"Abah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morehouse School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2783-8273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly","family":"Miller-Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morehouse School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Underserved group - Toolkit","author":"Toolkit","year":"2020","unstructured":"Toolkit. Underserved group - Toolkit; 2020. https:\/\/toolkit.ncats.nih.gov\/glossary\/underserved-group\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006258"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000001113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2018.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/OA.24.00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001386"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/AIA.0000000000000439","article-title":"Closing the gap: perioperative health care disparities and patient safety interventions","volume":"62","author":"Rangrass G.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rangrass G., Obiyo L, Bradley AS, Brooks A, Estime SR. Closing the gap: perioperative health care disparities and patient safety interventions. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2024;62:41-47. https:\/\/research.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=6ea4d7d8-040d-3207-a623-7a8a42d740b0","journal-title":"Int Anesthesiol Clin"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004848"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2811.220072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12671"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10729-022-09591-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","volume-title":"Geographic Adjustment in Medicare Payment: Phase II: Implications for Access, Quality, and Efficiency","author":"Committee on Geographic Adjustment Factors in Medicare Payment; Board on Health Care Services; Institute of Medicine","year":"2011","unstructured":"Committee on Geographic Adjustment Factors in Medicare Payment; Board on Health Care Services; Institute of Medicine. Edmunds M, Sloan FA, Steinwald AB, eds. Geographic Adjustment in Medicare Payment: Phase II: Implications for Access, Quality, and Efficiency. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US); 2011. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK207347\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2024.3531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.2959"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","unstructured":"H.R.1781-118th Congress (2023-2024). Ensuring access to general surgery Act of 2023. 2023. https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/118th-congress\/house-bill\/1781"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","unstructured":"Association of American Medical Colleges. 2023 US physician workforce data dashboard. 2024. https:\/\/www.aamc.org\/data-reports\/data\/2023-us-physician-workforce-data-dashboard"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005858"}],"container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348251324265","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00031348251324265","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348251324265","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:37:28Z","timestamp":1777379848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00031348251324265"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00031348251324265"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00031348251324265","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1348","1555-9823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1348","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-9823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]}}}