{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:22:24Z","timestamp":1790709744212,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743638400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Near-hanging injuries are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These injuries result in complex clinical presentations due to the combination of mechanical asphyxia and potential neck and cervical spine trauma. The primary objectives of this narrative review include assessing the incidence, sex distribution, pathophysiology, prognostic indicators, neurologic outcomes, and treatment strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Review performed using Medline in English from 1946 to 2023. Excluded: articles of accidental, sex-related, auto-asphyxiation, cancer-related, and pediatric near-hanging, review articles, and case reports.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    53 articles were first reviewed; 30 articles encompassing 4712 patients had complete demographic and neck injuries data. Sixteen articles reported the presence and absence of ligature markings in 1778 patients. Ligature markings were present in 1103 (73.5%). Median Age: 33 (29-38) 75.7% male distribution. Suicide attempt: 97.3%. Neck vascular injuries, aerodigestive, and neck bony injuries occurred in 83 (1.8%), 123 (2.6%), and 125 (2.7%), respectively. Cardiac arrest: 1195 (25.3%) and GCS&lt;9-2125 (45%) were the major contributors to the mortality: 26.9%. Glasgow Outcome Score&gt;3 or by a Cerebral Performance Category score of 1-2 was documented in 35.2% of patients. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment, hypothermia treatment, and targeted temperature management did not appear to be useful from the standpoint of survival in patients who suffered a cardiac arrest.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Near-hanging as an attempt to suicide is more frequent in young male patients. The incidence of associated neck injuries is low; mortality is likely to occur in patients with cardiac arrest with an associated neurologic injury. There is insufficient evidence to support the use of hyperbaric oxygen treatment, hypothermia treatment, and targeted temperature management in patients who have suffered a cardiac arrest and severe neurologic injury after near-hanging.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348251329500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T20:36:46Z","timestamp":1743712606000},"page":"1025-1035","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Near-Hanging Injuries: Perspective for the Trauma and Emergency Surgeon"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7629-1663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrizio","family":"Petrone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos J.","family":"Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahidul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Unit, Office of Academic Affairs, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"McNelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrado P.","family":"Marini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2019.1666944"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(83)80256-X"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guidelines for field triage of injured patients: recommendations of the national expert panel on field triage, 2011","volume":"61","author":"Sasser SM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sasser SM, Hunt RC, Faul M, et al. 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