{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T14:13:16Z","timestamp":1779804796716,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Failure to rescue (FTR), defined as mortality following a major postoperative complication, has emerged as a key quality metric in cardiac surgery. While socioeconomic disparities in surgical outcomes are well-documented, the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and FTR remains insufficiently characterized, particularly regarding which SES components most strongly drive this risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All adults experiencing a Society of Thoracic Surgeons-defined major complication following cardiac surgery were identified from the 2016-2022 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Patients were stratified into low-, middle-, and high-SES groups using a composite metric integrating payer status, neighborhood income quartile, and ICD-10-coded social determinants. Multivariable regression models were developed to examine the association between SES and FTR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of an estimated 67,982 patients with major complications, 10,793 (15.9%) experienced FTR. FTR rates increased from 16.0% in 2016 to 18.4% in 2022 (nptrend&lt;0.05), while complication incidence correspondingly declined. Following multivariable adjustment, low- and middle-SES were independently associated with increased odds of FTR compared to high-SES (AOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.19-1.48; AOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.30, respectively). Upon stratification by individual SES factors, the lowest income quartile consistently demonstrated increased FTR risk, whereas Medicaid status was not significantly associated with FTR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Socioeconomic status was independently associated with FTR in a dose-dependent manner. The stronger association with neighborhood income rather than insurance status suggests FTR disparities represent a geographically localized phenomenon. Targeted interventions focusing on communities where low-income patients are concentrated may yield greater impact than population-wide strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348261455089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T13:47:31Z","timestamp":1779457651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Failure to Rescue Following Elective Cardiac Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Kevin","family":"Tabibian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Balian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjun","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dariush","family":"Yalzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Tabibian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barzin","family":"Badiee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esteban","family":"Aguayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yas","family":"Sanaiha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"},{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4705-0262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peyman","family":"Benharash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"},{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002602"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivab188"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2022.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2018.04.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000468"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2023.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2025.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2022.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","unstructured":"Ann Surg [Internet]. [cited 2025 Dec 19]. https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/annalsofsurgery\/abstract\/9900\/development_of_a_surgery_specific_comorbidity.1082.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2020.06.065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivab320"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7046a5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2022.12.042"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"The association of socioeconomic factors with percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes","volume":"38","author":"Hannan EL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hannan EL, Wu Y, Cozzens K, et al. The association of socioeconomic factors with percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes. Can J Cardiol. 2022;38(1):13-22.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","unstructured":"Failure to Rescue After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Insights from the national cardiovascular data registry. In: Circulation. Cardiovascular Interventions."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.06.104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001171"}],"container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348261455089","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00031348261455089","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348261455089","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T13:49:27Z","timestamp":1779803367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00031348261455089"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00031348261455089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00031348261455089","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1348","1555-9823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1348","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-9823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"article-number":"00031348261455089"}}