{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:52:14Z","timestamp":1791568334340,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effects of preoperative weight loss on bariatric surgery outcomes have been previously studied, but the true association remains unclear. We aim to determine whether duration of a standardized preoperative liquid diet has significant effects on postoperative outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 576 patients categorized by preoperative diet duration (2-week vs 4-week). Differences in characteristics were assessed using Pearson Chi-square test for categorical variables and Student\u2019s t-test for independent groups for continuous data. Least squares multivariable linear regression modeling was used to assess predictors of total body weight loss percentage (TBWL%) at 1\u00a0year with TBWL% at 30\u00a0days and 1\u00a0year as primary endpoints.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five-hundred and seventy-six patients were analyzed, with 516 undergoing initial bariatric surgery. Ninety-three patients were enrolled in the 2-week liquid diet; 419 patients were enrolled in the 4-week diet. Patients in the 4-week group lost significantly more weight during the preoperative phase (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). There was no difference between 2-week and 4-week diets on TBWL% at 30\u00a0days or 1\u00a0year. Five-hundred and twelve patients had follow-up at 1\u00a0year with age (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and race (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) of the only significant predictors of TBWL% at 1\u00a0year.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective, non-randomized cohort, extending the preoperative liquid diet from 2 to 4\u00a0weeks did not result in improved postoperative weight loss at 30\u00a0days or 1\u00a0year. Age and race were the only significant predictors of TBWL% at 1\u00a0year in our cohort, underscoring the importance of patient-level biologic and social determinants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348261495987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:26Z","timestamp":1791417626000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effectiveness of Preoperative Liquid Diets on Bariatric Surgery Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4420-675X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivani","family":"Desai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prisma Health Upstate, Department of Surgery"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Androw","family":"Abdelnour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Braelyn","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Summer Program for Undergraduate Research in Surgery, Greenville, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellaree","family":"Estes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Summer Program for Undergraduate Research in Surgery, Greenville, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn","family":"Blackhurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prisma Health Upstate, Department of Surgery"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5619-7637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prisma Health Upstate, Department of Surgery"},{"name":"University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-021-05055-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"OPTIFAST\u00ae VLCDTM ProteinPlus shake. Ncare.net.au. Published 2025. Accessed January 10 2026. https:\/\/www.ncare.net.au\/optifast-vlcd-proteinplus-shake"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-013-1165-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2021.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2017.09.531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1211575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bari.2021.0117"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","volume-title":"The State of Alice in South Carolina. UnitedForALICE","unstructured":"The State of Alice in South Carolina. UnitedForALICE. Accessed January 5, 2026. https:\/\/www.unitedforalice.org\/demographics\/South_Carolina"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07427-7"}],"container-title":["The American Surgeon\u2122"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348261495987","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00031348261495987","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00031348261495987","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:04:58Z","timestamp":1791565498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00031348261495987"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"references-count":10,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00031348261495987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00031348261495987","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1348","1555-9823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1348","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-9823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"article-number":"00031348261495987"}}