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The left ventriculograms (30\u00b0 right anterior oblique) were subjectively assessed for gross bulging of the mitral valve leaflets beyond the mitral fulcrum into the left atrium during a beat with maximal opacification. Seventeen percent of cases had typical evidence of mitral valve prolapse, which is much higher than the 3% to 5% rate reported for the general population. This phenomenon was independent of the patients' age, sex, hemodynamic findings, and\/or their underlying cardiac rhythm, thus implying the direct role of rheumatic mitral stenosis in the genesis of secondary mitral valve prolapse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/000331970105200406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,28]],"date-time":"2008-07-28T17:57:07Z","timestamp":1217267827000},"page":"267-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mitral Valve Prolapse in Patients with Pure Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis: An Angiographic Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Gholam Reza","family":"Rezaian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Emad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(84)90662-3"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.46.2.227"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90902-8"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.33.585"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.81.4.526"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.80.1.56"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(96)90532-3"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"30","volume":"44","author":"Spindola-Franco H.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Differentiation between true and pseudo prolapse. 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