{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:06:12Z","timestamp":1777399572255,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,15]],"date-time":"2008-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1221436800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Angiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cytokines are responsible for the modulation of immunological and inflammatory processes and play a significant role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. We estimated the levels of pro-\/anti-inflammatory cytokines in South Indian patients with coronary artery disease. The study population comprised of groups 1\u20133: 100 patients each with acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and stable angina, respectively, and group 4 (100 healthy controls). Cytokine levels (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1) were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 levels were significantly higher in patients from groups 1 and 2, than in group 3 and controls. Acute myocardial infarction patients exhibited higher serum levels of interleukin-10 compared with other groups and control subjects. Patients with unstable angina had significantly lower interleukin-10 concentrations than those with stable angina. The ratios of pro-\/anti-inflammatory cytokines in all the study groups increased significantly when patients with unstable angina were compared to other groups. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 levels showed significant correlation with established risk factors such as body mass index, blood pressure, and lipid levels. Acute myocardial infarction patients show elevation in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, while unstable angina is associated with low levels of serum interleukin-10. Higher levels of antiinflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 may be needed to provide protection in unstable angina. These cytokines are markers of coronary artery disease and may be used for the identification of high-risk patients with unstable angina\/acute myocardial infarction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319708321101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,16]],"date-time":"2008-09-16T22:43:20Z","timestamp":1221605000000},"page":"419-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Role of Pro-\/Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines and their Correlation with Established Risk Factors in South Indians with Coronary Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Medha","family":"Rajappa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ocular Biochemistry, Dr. R.P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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