{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T10:44:12Z","timestamp":1791888252804,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]],"date-time":"2000-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":967766400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The goal of this study was to describe the therapeutic methods and surgical techniques used during Byzantine times (ad 3241453) for a disease that has occupied physicians since antiquity:nasal polyps. The original Greek-language texts of the Byzantine medical writers, most of which were published after the 17th century, were studied in order to identify the early knowledge of the definition, symptoms, conservative treatments, and surgical intervention in cases of this disease. A considerable number of conservative treatments, etiologic and local (with inunctions or blowing of caustic substances), with evident influence from Roman medicine, were identified even in the early Byzantine medical texts (4th century). Further, some surgical techniques were described that seem to constitute evolution of the Hippocratic tradition. From the study of the original texts of Byzantine medical writers, their interest in the rhinological diseases is evident; in the case of nasal polyps, new techniques were mentioned. The first meticulous intranasal surgical removal of polyps was described. These techniques, obviously developed during the Hellenistic period, initially influenced European medicine and later the rest of the world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940010900916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T14:40:52Z","timestamp":1412347252000},"page":"871-876","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Treatment of Nasal Polyposis in Byzantine Times"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"John G.","family":"Lascaratos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John V.","family":"Segas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios A.","family":"Assimakopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-000348940010900916","first-page":"309","volume":"9","author":"Troianos S","year":"1995","journal-title":"Themes Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"bibr2-000348940010900916","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100135340"},{"key":"bibr3-000348940010900916","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(00)70107-0"},{"key":"bibr4-000348940010900916","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199809020-00061"},{"key":"bibr5-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Wright J. A history of laryngology and rhinology. Philadelphia, Pa: Lea and Febiger, 1914: 55, 92\u20133."},{"key":"bibr6-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Olivieri A. Aetii Amideni libri medicinales V-VIII. Berlin: B. Teubner, 1950: 234\u201342."},{"key":"bibr7-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Briau R. Chirurgie de Paul d'\u00c8gine. Paris: Masson, 1855: 144\u20139."},{"key":"bibr8-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Heiberg IL. Paulus Aegineta. Pars altera. Leipzig and Berlin: B. Teubner, 1924: 64\u20135."},{"key":"bibr9-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Bernard IOS. Theophanis Nonni epitome de curatione morborum. Vol 1. Gothae: E. Haltrop, 1794: 306\u20139."},{"key":"bibr10-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Ideler IL. Physici et medici Graeci minores. Vol 2. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: A. Hakkert, 1963: 449."},{"key":"bibr11-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Raeder I. Oribasii Synopsis ad Eustathium. Libri ad Eunapium. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: A. 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Claudii Galeni opera omnia. Galeni de simplicium medicamentorum temperamentis ac facultatibus liber VI. Vol 11. Lipsia: C. Cnobloch, 1826: 865."},{"key":"bibr19-000348940010900916","unstructured":"K\u00fchn CG. Claudii Galeni opera omnia. Galeni de compositione medicamentorum secundum locos liber III. Vol 12. Lipsia: C. Cnobloch, 1826: 687\u201391."},{"key":"bibr20-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Potter P. Hippocrates. Vol 5. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1988: 246\u201353."},{"key":"bibr21-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Purnaropoulos G, Emmanuel C. Hippocrates. All his works. Vol 4. Athens, Greece: Martinos, 1971: 198\u2013201."},{"key":"bibr22-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Spencer WG. Celsus de medicina. Vol 2. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1989: 244\u20137."},{"key":"bibr23-000348940010900916","unstructured":"Spencer WG. Celsus de medicina. Vol 3. 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