{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T10:45:38Z","timestamp":1791888338038,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]],"date-time":"2005-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1122854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Pierre Robin triad (PRT) consists of micrognathia-retrognathia, glossoptosis, and an oval or cleft palate. The goal of this study was to identify patterns of similarity to and differences from the two previous temporal bone studies of the PRT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven children with the PRT (ages, 45 minutes to 2 years; gestational ages, 41 to 43 weeks) were studied. Thirteen temporal bones were decalcified, sectioned at a thickness of 20 \u03bcm, and studied by light microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrated multiple architectural anomalies involving the entire ear, including abnormal auricles, and anomalies of the ossicles, including abnormal stapes footplates (6\/13). All children showed signs of middle ear infection (12\/13). Anomalies of the inner ear included aplasia of the lateral semicircular canals (5\/13), a large vestibular aqueduct (2\/13), and unusually large otoconia (1\/13). In the mastoid process there were islands of cartilage in the expected position of Reichert's cartilage (9\/13) and dehiscence of the fallopian canal (11\/13). Loss of cochlear hair cells was seen in children who had antemortem hypoxia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the PRT is caused by various genes, most anomalies can be traced to the development of the first and second branchial arches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940511400805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T14:40:52Z","timestamp":1412347252000},"page":"605-613","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Anomalies of the Ear in the Pierre Robin Triad"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Philipp M.","family":"Gruen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Carranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Collin S.","family":"Karmody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar","family":"Bachor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-000348940511400805","first-page":"541","volume":"48","author":"Robin P","year":"1934","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"bibr2-000348940511400805","unstructured":"Jones KL. Robin sequence (Pierre Robin syndrome). Smith's recognizable patterns of human malformation. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders, 1997: 234\u20135."},{"key":"bibr3-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(82)80348-X"},{"key":"bibr4-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19990604)84:4<311::AID-AJMG1>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"bibr5-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1448"},{"key":"bibr6-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100135108"},{"key":"bibr7-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894900990S605"},{"key":"bibr8-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197611000-00009"},{"key":"bibr9-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(88)90095-X"},{"key":"bibr10-000348940511400805","first-page":"50","volume":"31","author":"Nomura Y","year":"1983","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"bibr11-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"von Tr\u00f6ltsch A. Anatomie des \u00e4u\u00dferen Ohres II. Trommelfell. Lehrbuch der Ohrenheilkunde mit Einschluss der Anatomie des Ohres. W\u00fcrzburg: Verlag der Stahel'schen Buch und Kunsthandlung, 1867: 24\u201342.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-186707000-00046"},{"key":"bibr12-000348940511400805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(03)00255-7"},{"key":"bibr13-000348940511400805","unstructured":"Bast TH, Anson BJ. The auditory ossicles. 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