{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:27:45Z","timestamp":1777422465020,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1309478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared the effects of levobupivacaine hydrochloride, bupivacaine hydrochloride, and saline injections in alleviating posttonsillectomy pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between November 2009 and April 2010, we recruited 60 patients (36 male and 24 female) between 2 and 12 years of age into the study. After informed consent was obtained from the parents, patients admitted for tonsillectomy were randomized into 3 groups by means of sealed envelopes. Group 1 (20 patients; mean age, 6.45 \u00b1 2.78 years) received 0.9% sodium chloride (saline solution), group 2 (20 patients; mean age, 5.60 \u00b1 2.70 years) received 0.25% levobupivacaine hydrochloride, and group 3 (20 patients; mean age, 5.85 \u00b1 2.43 years) received 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride infiltrated around each tonsil. Pain was evaluated with McGrath's face scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The postoperative pain scores at 1 and 5 hours were similar among the groups (p &gt; 0.05). The pain scores in the levobupivacaine group were lower than those in the saline group at 13 hours (p &lt; 0.017). The pain scores in the bupivacaine and levobupivacaine groups were significantly lower than those in the saline group from 17 to 21 hours until day 6 (p &gt; 0.017). There was no difference between the levobupivacaine and bupivacaine groups (p &gt; 0.017).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Local infiltration of levobupivacaine is a relatively safe and effective method and is equivalent to use of bupivacaine for posttonsillectomy pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941112000712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T14:44:54Z","timestamp":1412347494000},"page":"489-493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of Levobupivacaine versus Bupivacaine Infiltration on Postoperative Analgesia in Pediatric Tonsillectomy Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"S\u00fcay","family":"\u00d6zmen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d6mer Af\u015fin","family":"\u00d6zmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fikret","family":"Kasapo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2004.01223.x"},{"key":"bibr2-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.130.4.459"},{"key":"bibr3-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130308200413"},{"key":"bibr4-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.129.12.1285"},{"key":"bibr5-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2004.05.006"},{"key":"bibr6-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2005.12.001"},{"key":"bibr7-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ajot.2002.28771"},{"key":"bibr8-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90220-R"},{"key":"bibr9-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(93)90048-8"},{"key":"bibr10-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200059030-00013"},{"key":"bibr11-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2008.01.029"},{"key":"bibr12-000348941112000712","first-page":"387","volume-title":"Advances in pain research and therapy","volume":"9","author":"McGrath PA","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr13-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1996.tb05552.x"},{"key":"bibr14-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949610501105"},{"key":"bibr15-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2010.01.004"},{"key":"bibr16-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198906000-00002"},{"key":"bibr17-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X9402200606"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr18-000348941112000712","author":"Hollis LJ","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr19-000348941112000712","first-page":"167","volume":"35","author":"Arikan OK","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"bibr20-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.10.1265"},{"key":"bibr21-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2006.09.005"},{"key":"bibr22-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-3924(90)90029-J"},{"key":"bibr23-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181979e17"},{"key":"bibr24-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128072-200204100-00003"},{"key":"bibr25-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199706000-00011"},{"key":"bibr26-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2005.02.019"},{"key":"bibr27-000348941112000712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.450820.x"}],"container-title":["Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; 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