{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:26:39Z","timestamp":1777425999511,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Various features and shapes of malleus and incus are reported. Partially or unaddressed are their bilateral symmetry, correlation with otitis media, and concordance of features and shapes. Such information may contribute to the understanding of malleus and incus ontogeny and the installation and function of implantable middle ear devices. We sought to address the following hypotheses: (1) a cranium\u2019s malleus and incus have bilateral symmetry, with respect to their features and shapes; (2) features and shapes of malleus and incus are unrelated to the mastoid size indicator of childhood otitis media; and (3) an ear\u2019s malleus and incus have concordant features and shapes (ie, the presence or absence of a feature or shape of a malleus or incus is associated with the presence or absence of another feature or shape in that ear\u2019s malleus or incus).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postmortem material-analysis prevalence study of 41 adult crania without clinical otitis media. Mastoid sizes were assessed radiographically.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most mallei had lateral processes and inflected manubrium tips. Most incudes had concave superior borders of their short processes, non-notched inferior borders of their short processes, and anteriorly curved anterior edges of their long processes. Only 1 feature, absence of the lateral process of the malleus, was suggested to have a relationship to small mastoid size. Concordance was not found for any shape or feature of the malleus or incus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinically normal mallei and incudes have feature and shape variations that are mostly bilaterally symmetric.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489414527228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,2]],"date-time":"2014-04-02T02:23:18Z","timestamp":1396405398000},"page":"461-467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Morphologic Variations of Clinically Normal Mallei and Incudes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"123","author":[{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Norman Wendell","family":"Todd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedram","family":"Daraei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0003489414527228","volume-title":"Prostheses in the Ossicular Chain: Experimental and Clinical Studies","author":"Gundersen T","year":"1971"},{"key":"bibr2-0003489414527228","volume-title":"The Structure and Function of the Middle Ear","author":"Kirikae I","year":"1960"},{"key":"bibr3-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2007.10.005"},{"key":"bibr4-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000173171.32899.4e"},{"key":"bibr5-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941312200111"},{"key":"bibr6-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197207000-00008"},{"key":"bibr7-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480802587846"},{"key":"bibr8-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200109000-00023"},{"key":"bibr9-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199604000-00002"},{"key":"bibr10-0003489414527228","volume-title":"The Eustachian Tube: Structure, Function, and Role in Otitis Media","author":"Bluestone CD","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr11-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32950"},{"key":"bibr12-0003489414527228","volume-title":"Fibrocartilaginous Eustachian Tube Middle Ear Cleft","author":"Ars B","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr13-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2012.09.020"},{"key":"bibr14-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-009-0941-8"},{"key":"bibr15-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100119942"},{"key":"bibr16-0003489414527228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21271"}],"container-title":["Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0003489414527228","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0003489414527228","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0003489414527228","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:30:20Z","timestamp":1777375820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0003489414527228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0003489414527228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0003489414527228","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4894","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-572X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}}}