{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:38:19Z","timestamp":1777426699070,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539734400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric sinus surgery is indicated for a wide range of sinonasal and skull base pathologies, but it is most commonly performed for recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis or complicated acute sinusitis. The authors aim to report medical risk factors of morbidity and mortality following inpatient sinus surgery in the pediatric population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using data from the Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database from 2003 to 2012, patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, procedure codes for primary sinus surgery were identified. Mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of inpatient postoperative morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The final sample included a weighted estimate of 4965 pediatric patients. The rates of inpatient morbidity and mortality were 6% and 1%, respectively. Respiratory complications (2.5%) were the most prevalent postoperative adverse events. The most prevalent comorbidities were chronic sinusitis (59.8%), acute sinusitis (27.8%), and cystic fibrosis (26.4%). Compared with patients who did not experience any morbidity, patients with inpatient morbidity had higher rates of pneumonia, mycoses, and nasal or paranasal benign neoplasm ( P &lt; .05). The odds of inpatient morbidity and mortality were highest for patients with leukemia (odds ratio, 2.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.59-4.72; P &lt; .001) and mycoses (odds ratio, 15.84; 95% confidence interval, 6.45-38.89; P &lt; .001), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is the first to report the national comorbidity burden and risk factors for postoperative adverse events following inpatient sinus surgery. Knowledge of the comorbidities and independent factors associated with morbidity and mortality will help in directing preoperative optimization and counseling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>2c<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489418805504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T08:45:30Z","timestamp":1539765930000},"page":"13-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Perioperative Risk Factors Associated With Morbidity and Mortality Following Pediatric Inpatient Sinus Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7078-2480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittany N.","family":"Burton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sapideh","family":"Gilani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milli","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Saddawi-Konefka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindia","family":"Willies-Jacobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4443-0021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodney A.","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"},{"name":"Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199607000-00016"},{"key":"bibr2-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000149441.28231.0c"},{"key":"bibr3-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199806000-00004"},{"key":"bibr4-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814549302"},{"key":"bibr5-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2018.04.007"},{"key":"bibr6-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21954"},{"issue":"19","key":"bibr7-0003489418805504","first-page":"3965","volume":"20","author":"Luzzi V","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"bibr8-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2010.07.010"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr9-0003489418805504","first-page":"78","volume":"34","author":"Van Loosen J","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr10-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(94)90010-8"},{"key":"bibr11-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2017.06.007"},{"key":"bibr12-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818765160"},{"key":"bibr13-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817739284"},{"key":"bibr14-0003489418805504","unstructured":"Jerrard J. Panel debates when to use an endoscopic approach to sinus surgery. http:\/\/www.enttoday.org\/article\/panel-debates-when-to-use-an-endoscopic-approach-to-sinus-surgery\/. Accessed June 7, 2018."},{"key":"bibr15-0003489418805504","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project\u2014Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database (KID). KID Database Documentation. https:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/db\/nation\/kid\/kiddbdocumentation.jsp. Accessed June 7, 2018."},{"key":"bibr16-0003489418805504","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Overview of the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2014."},{"key":"bibr17-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20101"},{"key":"bibr18-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2018.05.015"},{"key":"bibr19-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2017.04.034"},{"key":"bibr20-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817717675"},{"key":"bibr21-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2018.06.019"},{"key":"bibr22-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489416685321"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr23-0003489418805504","first-page":"244","volume":"9","author":"Baradaranfar MH","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"key":"bibr24-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24337"},{"key":"bibr25-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050100331"},{"key":"bibr26-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2017.09.009"},{"key":"bibr27-0003489418805504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23912"},{"key":"bibr28-0003489418805504","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database (KID) overview. https:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/kidoverview.jsp. 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