{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:41:41Z","timestamp":1777426901997,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to determine whether certain maxillofacial fracture patterns and injury mechanisms were more prevalent in an urban environment. In addition, we aimed to determine if maxillofacial trauma incidence correlated with income.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data was collected from Einstein Healthcare Network and Temple University Health System. These data were compared to the 2016 National Trauma Data Bank\u00a9 (NTDB\u00a9) using chi-square analysis. Multivariate analysis was used to identify correlations between demographic variables and fracture patterns. Sociodemographic data was further characterized utilizing neighborhood mapping.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 252 patients from our urban campuses and 14 447 patients from the NTDB\u00a9 were identified with facial fractures. Maxillofacial trauma patients in the urban population were more likely to be minorities and less likely to be Caucasian compared to the NTDB\u00a9 ( P &lt; .001). Patients in the urban setting were more likely to sustain mandibular and orbital fractures, and less likely to sustain maxillary fractures and multiple fractures ( P &lt; .001). Urban maxillofacial trauma patients were more likely to sustain assault and sporting injuries, and less likely to sustain injuries from motor vehicle accidents and self-harm ( P &lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maxillofacial trauma patterns and injury mechanisms were shown to be significantly different in an urban environment as compared to national data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489419878457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T07:47:26Z","timestamp":1569570446000},"page":"149-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Comparing Urban Maxillofacial Trauma Patterns to the National Trauma Data Bank\u00a9"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"129","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5132-9832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason E.","family":"Cohn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiara C.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordan J.","family":"Licata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seth","family":"Zwillenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tariem","family":"Burroughs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bioethics, Urban Health, and Policy, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oneida A.","family":"Arosarena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bioethics, Urban Health, and Policy, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 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