{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:42:00Z","timestamp":1777426920609,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571702400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To understand that yolk sac tumors (YSTs) of the head and neck (H&amp;N) are exceedingly rare and typically carry a poor prognosis. To acknowledge the possibility of increased incidence in patients with Aicardi Syndrome and the ramifications this has on early diagnosis and treatment in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To date, four germ cells tumors of the H&amp;N have been reported in patients with Aicardi Syndrome. This report presents the second known case of a H&amp;N YST in a patient with Aicardi syndrome. In both cases, the patient was initially misdiagnosed given unconvincing radiologic evidence. However, tissue diagnosis and elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were suggestive of a YST.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In contrast to the poor prognosis previously described, both patients with Aicardi syndrome had an excellent chemotherapeutic response exhibited by normalization of AFP levels and imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rare germ cell tumors of the H&amp;N, such as YSTs, have now been documented in several patients with Aicardi syndrome, indicating a possible association given the rarity of these tumors in the population. YSTs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of H&amp;N masses in these patients, with emphasis on early tissue diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489419883660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T02:46:08Z","timestamp":1571798768000},"page":"301-305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Yolk Sac Tumors of the Head and Neck in Aicardi Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"129","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0887-5111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madison V.","family":"Epperson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8296-285X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayley L.","family":"Born","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dehua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"IV","given":"Charles M.","family":"Myer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807309782"},{"key":"bibr2-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15513810802545319"},{"key":"bibr3-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(89)90009-X"},{"key":"bibr4-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1056"},{"key":"bibr5-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2011.09.015"},{"key":"bibr6-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(96)90090-1"},{"key":"bibr7-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949710600315"},{"key":"bibr8-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949510401116"},{"key":"bibr9-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(93)90024-W"},{"key":"bibr10-0003489419883660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-911X(199710)29:4<303::AID-MPO12>3.0.CO;2-B"}],"container-title":["Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0003489419883660","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0003489419883660","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0003489419883660","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:32:59Z","timestamp":1777375979000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0003489419883660"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0003489419883660"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0003489419883660","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4894","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-572X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]}}}