{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T22:38:33Z","timestamp":1787697513688,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593820800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective(s):<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a rare perioperative complication with a potentially fatal outcome. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of NPPE in adult otolaryngology procedures with the goal of identifying risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-nine studies including data from 87 individual patients were included in this review. Fifty-six (68%) patients were male and the average patient age was 37\u2009years old. Type 1 NPPE occurred in 63 (72%) cases, while type 2 NPPE accounted for 20 (23%) cases. The most common procedures leading to NPPE were septoplasty, rhinoplasty or sinus surgery (n\u2009=\u200922, 25%), directly laryngoscopy or bronchoscopy (n\u2009=\u200913, 15%), and tracheostomy or cricothyroidotomy (n\u2009=\u200911, 13%). The most employed treatment options included diuretics (n\u2009=\u200955, 63%) and mechanical ventilation (n\u2009=\u200954, 62%). Seventy-eight (90%) patients made a full recovery with an average time to NPPE resolution of 33\u2009hours and an average length of hospitalization of 5.6\u2009days. Five (6%) patients had a long-term morbidity and four (5%) patients died, with age and ICU stay increasing risk for death and long-term morbidity (OR 1.044 and 7.42, respectively, P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Septoplasty, rhinoplasty and sinus surgery account for the majority of NPPE cases in adult otolaryngology procedures. Young, healthy patients are the most commonly involved with a slight male predominance. The vast majority of patients recover fully, however there is a significant risk for morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489420938817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T05:26:11Z","timestamp":1593840371000},"page":"245-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Systematic Review of Negative Pressure Pulmonary Edema in Otolaryngology Procedures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0299-3697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corina","family":"Din-Lovinescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 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