{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:53:47Z","timestamp":1778892827611,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Iatrogenic removal of intra-temporal disease processes, such as cholesteatoma and keratosis obturans, can be challenging when the facial nerve (FN) is involved. Despite this concern about possible FN injury during these procedures, our clinical observation has been that the diseased growth can be cleaned quite easily from the vertical FN epineurium. Therefore, we designed a cadaveric protocol to measure thickness of the FN sheath (epineurium) in horizontal, second genu and vertical FN segments and to correlate these measurements with surgical management of FN disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty non-fixated (wet) cadaveric temporal bones were dissected over 1\u2009year\u2019s time. The intra-temporal FN sheath epineurium was harvested from the mid-horizontal, second genu, and mid-vertical segments. Using a digital micrometric technique, the thickness of each sample was measured. Data analysis was performed using student\u2019s two-tailed, dependent t-test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epineurial nerve sheath thickness was the least in the horizontal segment (mean 0.9\u2009mm, range 0.040-0.140\u2009mm), greater at the second genu (mean 0.19\u2009mm, range 0.010-0.280\u2009mm), and greatest in the vertical segment (mean 0.29\u2009mm, range 0.170-0.570\u2009mm). These differences were statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In cases of cholesteatoma and keratosis obturans involving the vertical FN, the disease process can be separated from the FN sheath because of the sheath thickness in this region. Disease in the horizontal segment involves a thinner sheath and separating the disease process from the nerve is more difficult in this area.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894211007241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T06:58:27Z","timestamp":1619161107000},"page":"108-112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Thickness of the facial Nerve Sheath Consistently Varies by Region in Its Intra-Tympanic Course on Cadaveric Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2368-5247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinay Kumar","family":"Vijayendra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Superspeciality Otology Centre, Vijaya ENT Care Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijayendra","family":"Honnurappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Superspeciality Otology Centre, Vijaya ENT Care Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2053-5881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilesh","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Superspeciality Otology Centre, Vijaya ENT Care Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5228-535X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Redleaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery and Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00034894211007241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947007900404"},{"key":"bibr2-00034894211007241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.5540790905"},{"key":"bibr3-00034894211007241","unstructured":"Vijayendra V. Measuring the facial nerve sheath using a digital micrometer [Video]. YouTube. March 3, 2021. https:\/\/youtu.be\/Og4Ene4yUgE [Accessed 31 March 2021]."},{"key":"bibr4-00034894211007241","unstructured":"IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 18. IBM Corp."},{"key":"bibr5-00034894211007241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486009122420"},{"key":"bibr6-00034894211007241","first-page":"520","volume":"88","author":"Blunt MJ","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"bibr7-00034894211007241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100053421"},{"key":"bibr8-00034894211007241","first-page":"464","volume":"47","author":"Reina MA","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"}],"container-title":["Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00034894211007241","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00034894211007241","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00034894211007241","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:34:31Z","timestamp":1777376071000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00034894211007241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00034894211007241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00034894211007241","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4894","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-572X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]}}}