{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:01:32Z","timestamp":1787018492998,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nasal bone fractures are the most common facial bone fractures. However, there is limited literature on the etiology of these fractures, particularly distribution across sports and other recreational activities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Nationwide Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) national injury database was queried for emergency department visits involving the diagnosis of nasal or nose fractures associated with sports and recreation activities over the most recent 10\u2009year span available. Demographic, disposition, and weighted incidence were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total incidence of nasal fractures across 10\u2009years was 158\u2009979. The mean age of nasal bone fractures was 20.4\u2009years old. Nasal fractures were more common in males (74.6%) and white patients (54.1%). National estimated incidence of nasal fractures decreased from 21\u2009028 in 2009 to 11\u2009108 in 2018, a reduction of 47.2%. The most common causes among all patients were basketball (23.2%), baseball (17.1%), softball (9.8%), soccer (7.4%), and football (7%). In pediatric patients, the most common cause was baseball (25.1%). The majority (98.1%) of patients were discharged from the emergency department, while 0.9% of patients were admitted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The most common recreational causes of nasal fractures are sports, with the most common being non-contact sports like basketball and baseball. However, the incidence of nasal bone fractures due to recreational causes nationwide has decreased significantly over the past 10\u2009years. This may reflect improved safety protocols among athletes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894211042446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T05:15:35Z","timestamp":1630473335000},"page":"760-766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sport and Recreational Causes of Nasal Bone Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3358-6429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher C.","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3113-2685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rijul S.","family":"Kshirsagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob E.","family":"Hoerter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25358"},{"key":"bibr2-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e318133a87b"},{"key":"bibr3-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7181\/acfs.2018.02264"},{"key":"bibr4-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003477"},{"key":"bibr5-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0729-8"},{"key":"bibr6-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014556131109000816"},{"key":"bibr7-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2016.11.004"},{"key":"bibr8-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1806-83242012000200006"},{"key":"bibr9-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2014.12.002"},{"key":"bibr10-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24893"},{"key":"bibr11-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489420936710"},{"key":"bibr12-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1679930"},{"key":"bibr13-00034894211042446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815602668"},{"key":"bibr14-00034894211042446","unstructured":"State of Play 2019: Trends and Developments. 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