{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T04:29:18Z","timestamp":1792643358960,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015098","name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["06-2019-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["06-2019-0006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) endotypes have demonstrated clinical value in guiding treatment decisions. Bacterial lysates are immunomodulators that have shown beneficial effects in various respiratory inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of postoperative bacterial lysate therapy on different CRS endotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients diagnosed with CRS who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were recruited. Bacterial lysates were administered postoperatively for 10\u2009days per month for 3\u2009months to the experimental group comprising patients with a history of frequent upper respiratory infections without adverse reactions. The remaining participants were allocated to the control group. The results of the postoperative 3-, 6-, and 12-month assessments, including the modified Lund-Kennedy (mLK) endoscopic and Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT) 22 scores, for the groups were compared. The tissue samples obtained from the participants were evaluated to detect the presence of relevant inflammatory mediators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 92 participants, 47 started bacterial lysate therapy 2\u2009weeks after the surgery. The tissue cytokine profiles and clinical parameters, such as the disease severity and blood eosinophil percentage, of the bacterial lysate and control groups were comparable before treatment. The mLK endoscopic and SNOT-22 scores did not differ after 3, 6, and 12\u2009months of follow-up. The subgroup analysis revealed that the bacterial lysate group had significantly lower mLK endoscopic scores than the control group for CRS without nasal polyps, while there was a tendency toward significance for the interleukin (IL)-5 negative group after 6\u2009months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postoperative bacterial lysate therapy has some beneficial effects on the endoscopic findings of patients with CRS without nasal polyps or those who are negative for IL-5.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894241264459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:52:46Z","timestamp":1721782366000},"page":"805-813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Endotype and Phenotype Related Postoperative Effects of Bacterial Lysate in Chronic Rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5759-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-No","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3519-7395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Koo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Geun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun A.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-A","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunkyung","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon Kon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Yeon","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck 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