{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:17:52Z","timestamp":1777425472702,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1977,7,1]],"date-time":"1977-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":236563200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A total of 32 otosclerotic stapes is thin-sectioned without decalcification and examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopes, with a nondispersive x-ray analyzer attached to the latter. These otosclerotic stapes are classified as spongiotic, sclerotic, or preotosclerotic, according to their pathologic characteristics and state of mineralization. Either diffuse or patchy demineralization in the ground substance appears to be the initial stage of otosclerosis, and this area coincides with preotosclerotic lesions (also known as blue mantle) in light microscopy. Therefore, it is interpreted that demineralization precedes the destruction of ground substance in the preotosclerotic lesion. Bone mineral deposits in new otosclerotic bone appear to be related to the collagen fibrils that are embedded in the ground substance. No mineral deposit could be seen without the ground substance deposition; therefore, it is suggested that this ground substance is the single most important factor in the poor mineralization of the otosclerosis. The sclerotic lesions are well mineralized and show a typical pattern of hydroxyapatite by x-ray diffraction study. We could not confirm the notion that the sclerotic lesion is hypermineralized as compared to the normal stapes. The spongiotic lesions are poorly mineralized, with low calcium salt. Using the Ca\/P ratio and x-ray diffraction pattern as criteria, it was determined that spongiotic lesions belong to unstable, immature bone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947708600413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T14:29:51Z","timestamp":1412346591000},"page":"525-540","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Otosclerotic Stapes: Morphological and Microchemical Correlates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"David J.","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William H.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1977,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-000348947708600413","unstructured":"Schuknecht HF: Pathology of the Ear. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1974, pp 351\u2013373."},{"key":"bibr2-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486709128736"},{"key":"bibr3-000348947708600413","unstructured":"Puhakka HJ: Studies on the inorganic component of otosclerotic bone. Acta Otolaryngol [Suppl] (Stockh) 280, 1971."},{"key":"bibr4-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487209138915"},{"key":"bibr5-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196111000-00002","volume":"71","author":"Albernaz PLM","year":"1961","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"bibr6-000348947708600413","volume-title":"Histochimie du Foyer Otospongieux.","author":"Chevance LB","year":"1962"},{"key":"bibr7-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196309000-00003"},{"key":"bibr8-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196801000-00009"},{"key":"bibr9-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487509121326"},{"key":"bibr10-000348947708600413","first-page":"183","volume":"13","author":"Mellors RC","year":"1964","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"bibr11-000348947708600413","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Thin-Section Microanalysis.","author":"Lim DJ","year":"1972"},{"key":"bibr12-000348947708600413","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Bone: Fundamentals of the Physiology of Skeletal Tissue","author":"McLean FC","year":"1968","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr13-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1969.00770020343022"},{"key":"bibr14-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486709128736","volume":"63","author":"Henner R","year":"1967","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"bibr15-000348947708600413","first-page":"540","volume":"64","author":"Wolff D","year":"1960","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"bibr16-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1971.00770060853003"},{"key":"bibr17-000348947708600413","unstructured":"Chevance LG, Bretlau P, J\u00f8rgensen MB, Otosclerosis: An electron microscopic and cytochemical study. Acta Otolaryngol [Suppl] (Stockh) 272, 1970."},{"key":"bibr18-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486909125483"},{"key":"bibr19-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00340329"},{"key":"bibr20-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1952.00710010379008"},{"key":"bibr21-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1969.00770030420004"},{"key":"bibr22-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947007900410"},{"key":"bibr23-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487309139688"},{"key":"bibr24-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100062228"},{"key":"bibr25-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1967.00760040240002"},{"key":"bibr26-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487109122453"},{"key":"bibr27-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487009123346"},{"key":"bibr28-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100063726"},{"key":"bibr29-000348947708600413","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Thin-Section Microanalysis.","author":"Russ JC","year":"1972"},{"key":"bibr30-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486709128767"},{"key":"bibr31-000348947708600413","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196910000-00007"}],"container-title":["Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000348947708600413","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000348947708600413","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:29:24Z","timestamp":1777375764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/000348947708600413"}},"subtitle":["An Electron Microscopic and X-Ray Analytical Investigation"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1977,7]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/000348947708600413"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000348947708600413","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4894","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-572X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1977,7]]}}}