{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:18:55Z","timestamp":1777425535733,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3_suppl2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1981,5,1]],"date-time":"1981-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":357523200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In chronic draining ear associated with a tympanic membrane perforation and\/or cholesteatoma, the infection is that of bacterial contamination. Both aerobic and anaerobic organisms are found, notably Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and enteric organisms, particularly Bacteroides. The disease exists because of a structural defect in the middle ear cleft, which requires surgery as definitive treatment. Medical therapy is valuable as a temporary measure, in preoperative preparation, and in prevention and management of intracranial extension. Topical therapy with antibiotic ear drops is often helpful, but also important is local care with cleansing, drying, and antiseptic solutions or powders. Therapy is usually directed against the Pseudomonas organism with aminoglycosides and polymyxins, but Bacteroides fragilis now looms as an important pathogen in 13% of affected patients, requiring chloramphenicol. Since drugs directed against Bacteroides are ineffective against Pseudomonas, and vice versa, there is no one agent we can rely upon for treatment of both. What we are all looking for, of course, is that brand new antibiotic the FDA hasn't released yet: \u201cpanaceamycin.\u201d It hasn't even been developed yet. None of the ones we have are a panacea; and until we get one, we will have to stick with what we have, exercise clinical judgment, and base our antibiotic selections on, if not proven culture results, then at least established microbial probabilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894810903s214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]],"date-time":"2017-01-06T08:54:31Z","timestamp":1483692871000},"page":"58-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Antimicrobial Therapy for Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"David N. F.","family":"Fairbanks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington, D. C."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00034894810903S214","unstructured":"Ruegg K. Frequency of otitic complications of the brain. In: Small CP, Andrews AH, Shambaugh GE The practical medical series: The eye, ear, nose, throat. Chicago: Year Book 1928:268."},{"key":"bibr2-00034894810903S214","unstructured":"Tschopp CF. Chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma in Alaskan native children. In: McCabe BF, Sad\u00e9 J, Abramson M Cholesteatoma, First International Conference. Birmingham: Aesculapius, 1977:290."},{"key":"bibr3-00034894810903S214","unstructured":"McCafferty GJ, Coman WB, Shaw E, Lewis N. Cholesteatoma in Australian aboriginal children. In: McCabe BF, Sad\u00e9 J, Abramson M Cholesteatoma, First International Conference. Birmingham: Aesculapius 1977:293."},{"key":"bibr4-00034894810903S214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100051835"},{"key":"bibr5-00034894810903S214","unstructured":"Harker LA, Koontz FP. The bacteriology of cholesteatoma. In: McCabe BF, Sad\u00e9 J, Abramson M Cholesteatoma, First International Conference. Birmingham: Aesculapius, 1977:264\u20137."},{"key":"bibr6-00034894810903S214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03300120030019"},{"key":"bibr7-00034894810903S214","first-page":"239","volume":"5","author":"Weinstein MJ","year":"1965","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"bibr8-00034894810903S214","first-page":"1","volume":"132","author":"Schuknecht HF","year":"1957","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"bibr9-00034894810903S214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1968.00760060582005"},{"key":"bibr10-00034894810903S214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486909121547"},{"key":"bibr11-00034894810903S214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197608000-00009"},{"key":"bibr12-00034894810903S214","first-page":"108","volume":"74","author":"Paparella MM","year":"1970","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"bibr13-00034894810903S214","first-page":"142","volume":"76","author":"Mittelman H.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00034894810903S214","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00034894810903S214","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:29:32Z","timestamp":1777375772000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00034894810903S214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1981,5]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3_suppl2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00034894810903S214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00034894810903s214","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4894","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-572X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1981,5]]}}}